Tarki (Kumyk: Таргъу, Tarğu; Russian: Тарки́) formerly also spelled Tarkou[9] and also known as Tarku,[10] is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of Sovetsky City District of the City of Makhachkala in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, located on the Tarki-tau (Kumyk: Tarğu-taw) mountain. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 15,356.[2]

Tarki Тарки
Urban-type settlement[1]
Other transcription(s)
• Kumyk	Таргъу
Location of Tarki
Tarki Location of Tarki Show map of Russia Tarki Tarki (Republic of Dagestan) Show map of Republic of Dagestan
Coordinates: 42°56′50″N 47°29′55″E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Dagestan[1]
Urban-type settlement status since	1958
Population  (2010 Census)[2]
• Total	15,356
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	City of Makhachkala[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Makhachkala Urban Okrug[3]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [4])
Postal code(s)[5]	367904
OKTMO ID	82701370056

History

Tarki had been the capital of Kumyk historical states before they were abolished by Russia.[11][12]

According to some scholars, Tarki sits on the site of Samandar, the capital of Khazaria until the early 8th century.[13][14] In 1396, Timur passed through Tarki during the Tokhtamysh–Timur war. In the middle ages the Shamkhalate state is formed, lately becoming Shamkhalate of Tarki. Tarki had been the capital of the Kumyk state at least from the 16th century.[15] This state was not abolished until 1867.

Tarki is mentioned by Armenian chronicles of the 7-8th century,[16][17] by Giovanni Carpini in 13th century, on the Catalan Atlas of 1375, and by Timurid historians.

The shamkhals submitted to Russian authority more than once, first in the early 17th century. In 1668, the town was sacked by cossacks under Stepan Razin.

The shamkhals were again obliged to submit to Russian suzerainty during Peter the Great's 1722 Persian Expedition and during Catherine the Great's 1796 Persian Expedition.

Tarki finally passed to Russia under the terms of the Treaty of Gulistan (1813). Eight years later, the Russians built Burnaya Fortress there, which was succeeded by Fort-Petrovsk (on the grounds of original Kumyk town called Andzhi-kala (or Anji),[18][19][20][21] now known as Makhachkala.[22]

Deportation

By the decree of Stalin's government from the 12 of April 1944 Kumyk population of Tarki and adjacent villages of Kyakhulay and Alborukent was deported to the lands of entirely deported to the Middle Asia Chechens (Karachays, Balkars and Crimean Tatars also were deported). The reason was stated as "freeing the area for the agricultural needs" of the resettling there mountaineer peoples. The deportation of Kumyks, despite the Russian decrees, is still not acknowledged by the Russian government. As a result of this event, local population lost for years their ancient capital of Tarki, which led to the permanent destruction of the majority of their cultural inheritance.[23]

Administrative and municipal status

Urban-type settlement status was granted to Tarki in 1958.^{[citation needed]}

Within the framework of administrative divisions, the urban-type settlement of Tarki is in jurisdiction of Sovetsky City District of the City of Makhachkala.[1] Within the framework of municipal divisions, Tarki is a part of Makhachkala Urban Okrug.[3]

See also

• Shamkhalate of Tarki

References

Citations

Bibliography

• Народное Собрание Республики Дагестан. Закон №6 от 13 января 2005 г. «О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Республики Дагестан», в ред. Закона №43 от 30 апреля 2015 г. «О статусе городского округа с внутригородским делением "Город Махачкала", статусе и границах внутригородских районов в составе городского округа с внутригородским делением "Город Махачкала" и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Республики Дагестан». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Дагестанская правда", №8, 15 февраля 2005 г. (People's Assembly of the Republic of Dagestan. Law #6 of January 13, 2005 On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of the Republic of Dagestan, as amended by the Law #43 of April 30, 2015 On the Status of the "City of Makhachkala" Urban Okrug with Intra-Urban Divisions, the Status and the Borders of the Intra-City Districts Comprising the "City of Makhachkala" Urban Okrug with Intra-Urban Divisions, and on Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Republic of Dagestan. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
• Baddeley, John Frederick (1908), The Russian Conquest of the Caucasus with Maps, Plans, and Illustrations, London: Longmans, Green, & Co..
• Wagner, Friedrich (1854), Mackenzie, Kenneth (ed.), Schamyl and Circassia, 2d ed., London: G. Routledge & Co..

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