Pereslavl-Zalessky (Russian:Переславль-Залесский,IPA:[pʲɪrʲɪˈslavlʲ zɐˈlʲɛskʲɪj], lit. Pereslavl beyond the woods), also known as Pereyaslavl-Zalessky, is a town in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located on the main Moscow–Yaroslavl road and on the southeastern shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo at the mouth of the Trubezh River. Population: 41,925(2010 Census);[3]43,379(2002 Census);[8]42,331(1989 Census).[9]
Pereslavl-Zalessky is located in south of Yaroslavl Oblast, near a border with Moscow Oblast, 140 kilometres (87mi) northeast of Moscow, and 139 kilometres (86mi) southwest of Yaroslavl.
Climate
Climate of Pereslavl-Zalessky is humid continental: long, cold and snowy winters and short, warm and rainy summers. Average temperatures range from −12°C (10°F) in January to +18°C (64°F) in July.
History
Known as Pereyaslavl until the 15th century, it was founded in 1152 by George I of Vladimir as a projected capital of Zalesye. The inhabitants of the nearby town of Kleshchin were relocated to the new town.
Between 1175 and 1302, Pereslavl was the seat of a principality (not to be confused with the Principality of Pereyaslavl in modern-day Ukraine). In 1302, it became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. Pereslavl-Zalessky was devastated numerous times by the Mongols between the mid-13th century and the early 15th century. In 1611–1612, it suffered from the Polish invasion.[10]
In 1688–1693, Peter the Great built his famous "fun flotilla" on Lake Pleshcheyevo for his own amusement, including the so-called Peter's little boat, which would be considered the forefather of the Russian fleet. The Botik (small boat) museum chronicles the history of the first Russian fleet and keeps one of the original model boats.
In 1708, the town became a part of Moscow Governorate.[11]
Just before the Moscow Olympics in 1980, the city of Moscow rounded up a large number of people it considered 'undesirable', many thousands, and decreed that they must be moved at least 120km from Moscow in order to improve the city's image. Pereslavl is approx 130km from Moscow and as such the population of the town soared prior to the Olympics.[citation needed]
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Pereslavl-Zalessky serves as the administrative center of Pereslavsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Pereslavl-Zalessky—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Pereslavl-Zalessky is incorporated as Pereslavl-Zalessky Urban Okrug.[5]
Science and education
There is Institute for Program Systems of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the town. The University of Pereslavl is also based in the town.
Sights and architecture
The town is a part of the Golden Ring of Russia. Monuments of church architecture include six architecture complex convents and nine churches. Notable historic buildings are:
white stone Savior's Cathedral (1152–1157)
Church of Metropolitan Peter (1585)
Troitse-Danilov Monastery (16th–18th centuries)
Nikitsky Monastery (16th–19th centuries)
Feodorovsky Monastery (16th–19th centuries)
Goritsky Monastery (17th–18th centuries)
Sovetskaya Street
St. Nicholas Monastery was built in the XIVth century
Savior's Cathedral (1152-1157)
Aeronautics festival over Nikitsky Monastery
Museum and exhibits
Irons museum in Pereslavl
Museum-Preserve of Pereslavl-Zalessky (in Goritsky Monastery)
Museum–Estate "The Little Boat of Peter the Great"
The Pereslavl Arboretum
Museum of Flat Irons
The Museum of Kettles
The Museum of Steam Engines
The Kleshchin complex, an archaeological monument, is located about 2 kilometers (1.2mi) from the town proper. The original earthworks (which are still quite substantial) from the defensive wall that circled the town originally are still here, it is possible to walk along these defensive structures. As are portions if the original road that was at its base.
The town sits on the banks of Lake Pleschayevo, a large lake that draws tourists throughout the season. Kite surfing is particularly popular, as is camping.
Notable people
Statue of Alexander Nevsky in Gorodets
Nicetas Stylites, (??-1186) a 12th-century Russian saint who founded the Monastery of St. Nicetas
Alexander Nevsky, (1221–1263) prince and saint.[12]
Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том1[2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
Государственная Дума Ярославской области.Закон№12-зот7 февраля 2002 г «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ярославской области и порядке его изменения», в ред. Закона №67-з от21 декабря 2012 г.«О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Ярославской области и признании утратившими силу отдельных законодательных актов (положений законодательных актов) Ярославской области». Вступил в силучерез шесть месяцев со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Губернские вести", №11, 15 февраля 2002 г. (State Duma of Yaroslavl Oblast.Law#12-zofFebruary7, 2002 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Yaroslavl Oblast and on the Procedures of Its Change, as amended by the Law#67-z ofDecember21, 2012 On Amending Various Legislative Acts of Yaroslavl Oblast and on Abrogation of Various Legislative Acts (Clauses of Legislative Acts) of Yaroslavl Oblast. Effective as ofthe day six months from the day of the official publication.).
Государственная Дума Ярославской области.Закон№65-зот21 декабря 2004 г. «О наименованиях, границах и статусе муниципальных образований Ярославской области», в ред. Закона №59-з от28 декабря 2011 г«Об изменении статуса рабочего посёлка Песочное Рыбинского района и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Ярославской области». Вступил в силучерез 10дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Губернские вести", №70, 23 декабря 2004 г. (State Duma of Yaroslavl Oblast.Law#65-zofDecember21, 2004 On the Names, Borders, and Status of the Municipal Formations of Yaroslavl Oblast, as amended by the Law#59-z ofDecember28, 2011 On Changing the Status of the Work Settlement of Pesochnoye of Rybinsky District and on Amending Various Legislative Acts of Yaroslavl Oblast. Effective as ofafter 10days from the day of the official publication.).
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