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Mozdok (Russian: Моздо́к; Ossetian: Мæздæг, Mæzdæg; Kabardian: Мэздэгу) is a town and the administrative center of Mozdoksky District of North Ossetia – Alania, Russia, located on the left shore of the Terek River, 92 kilometers (57 mi) north of the republic's capital Vladikavkaz. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 38,768.[3]

Mozdok Моздок
Town[1]
Other transcription(s)
• Ossetic	Мæздæг
Mozdok railway station
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Mozdok
Mozdok Location of Mozdok Show map of Russia Mozdok Mozdok (North Ossetia–Alania) Show map of North Ossetia–Alania
Coordinates: 43°44′N 44°42′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	North Ossetia–Alania[1]
Administrative district	Mozdoksky District[1]
Town Under District Jurisdiction	Mozdok[1]
Founded	1700s (as the Circassian village of Mezdeug) 1763 (as Mozdok Russian fort after the local population was massacred)[2]
Elevation	131 m (430 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[3]
• Total	38,768
• Estimate  (2018)[4]	41,728 (+7.6%)
Administrative status
• Capital of	Mozdoksky District[1], Mozdok Town Under District Jurisdiction[1]
Municipal status
• Municipal district	Mozdoksky Municipal District[5]
• Urban settlement	Mozdokskoye Urban Settlement[5]
• Capital of	Mozdoksky Municipal District[5], Mozdokskoye Urban Settlement[5]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [6])
Postal code(s)[7]	362028, 363750–363760
Dialing code(s)	+7 86736
OKTMO ID	90630101001

Mozdok population

2010 Census	38,768[3]
2002 Census	42,865[8]
1989 Census	38,037[9]
1979 Census	34,394[10]

Etymology

The town's name comes from "мэз дэгу (mez dugu)", a Kabardian word meaning "the dense forest".[11]

History

During the reign of Catherine II the Russian army started entering Circassian soil and Russia started building forts in an attempt to quickly annex Circassia. In 1763, Russian forces occupied the village of Mezdeug in Eastern Circassia, and established Mozdok as a Russian fort, settling the families of the Volga Cossacks in stanitsas around it.[2] Thus, the Russo-Circassian War began.

In 1764, the Kabardian leaders' request to the Russian government that the fortress be destroyed went unanswered. In the years that followed, the Kabardians tried to besiege the town, but they were eventually compelled to retreat. With the foundation of Mozdok, Russian authorities encouraged Ossetians, Georgians, Armenians, Spiritual Christians and other Christians to populate the town. It soon emerged as a key Russian military outpost linked to Kizlyar with a fortified line as well as the center of local trade, ethnic diversity, and Russian-Caucasian interchange. In 1789, 55.6% of its population was Armenian and Georgian. Ossetian settlement particularly increased in the 1820s when the Russian commander Yermolov began removing Kabardians from the area of the Georgian Military Road and settling Ossetians there.[2]

Moving south from Mozdok, Russia established contact with eastern Georgia through the Darial Gorge. Mozdok remained the northern terminal of the Georgian Military Road leading to Tbilisi until being succeeded by Vladikavkaz, founded in 1784 midway between Mozdok and the Darial Pass.[12] During the Russian Empire, the town was the administrative capital of the Mozdoksky Otdel of the Terek Oblast.

Brothers Dubinin create world's first oil refining apparatus in 1823.

On August 23, 1942, it was conquered by German troops during Case Blue. It was recaptured by the Red Army on January 3, 1943.^{[citation needed]}

In June 2003, a suicide bomber caused havoc in the town, when a bus full of Russian air force personnel was destroyed when it was rammed by the bomber's car.[13] On August 1, 2003, a military hospital in the city was targeted by a suicide bomber driving a large truck bomb. The building was substantially damaged and over fifty people were killed in the blast. These attacks are just two of a string of attacks on Russian facilities in Mozdok since the start of the Second Chechen War.^{[citation needed]}

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Mozdok serves as the administrative center of Mozdoksky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Mozdoksky District as Mozdok Town Under District Jurisdiction.[1] As a municipal division, Mozdok Town Under District Jurisdiction is incorporated within Mozdoksky Municipal District as Mozdokskoye Urban Settlement.[5]

Culture

The Museum of Regional Studies in Mozdok holds an assortment of displays and artifacts related to Mozdok's history.

Ethnic groups

As of 2002, the ethnic composition of Mozdok was as follows:^{[citation needed]}

• Russians: 62.7%
• Ossetians: 7.7%
• Armenians: 6.1%
• Kumyks: 4.6%
• Chechens: 4.3%
• Kabardians: 3.2%
• Koreans: 2.4%

Military

There is an airbase near the town. From 1961 to 1998, the 182nd Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment of Long Range Aviation, flying Tupolev Tu-95s, was based there.[14] The airbase has been used to support military operations in Chechnya during the First Chechen War, Second Chechen War, and in the Russo-Georgian War.[15][16][17] In June 2003, a female suicide bomber targeted a bus carrying pilots and other personnel employed at the airbase on the Mozdok-Prokhladnoye motorway, killing approximately 15 and wounding 12.[18][19]

References

Notes

Sources

• Закон №34-РЗ от 9 июля 2007 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Северная Осетия-Алания», в ред. Закона №44-РЗ от 12 ноября 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в Приложение к Закону Республики Северная Осетия–Алания "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Северная Осетия–Алания" и Закон Республики Северная Осетия–Алания "Об установлении границ муниципального образования Алагирский район, наделении его статусом муниципального района, образовании в его составе муниципальных образований — городского и сельских поселений"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Северная Осетия", №148(24949), 16 августа 2007 г. (Law #34-RZ of July 9, 2007 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania, as amended by the Law #44-RZ of November 12, 2013 On Amending the Appendix to the Law of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania" and the Law of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of Alagirsky District, Granting It the Status of a Municipal District, Establishing Municipal Formations—Urban and Rural Settlements—Within Its Structure". Effective as of the official publication date.).
• Закон №16-РЗ от 5 марта 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципального образования Моздокский район, наделении его статусом муниципального района, образовании в его составе муниципальных образований — городского и сельских поселений и установлении их границ», в ред. Закона №8-РЗ от 24 января 2006 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Северная Осетия–Алания "Об установлении границ муниципального образования Моздокский район, наделении его статусом муниципального района, образовании в его составе муниципальных образований — городского и сельских поселений и установлении их границ"». Вступил в силу с 1 марта 2005 г. Опубликован: "Северная Осетия", №43 (24344), 15 марта 2005 г. (Law #16-RZ of March 5, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of Mozdoksky District, Granting It the Status of a Municipal District, Establishing Municipal Formations—Urban and Rural Settlements—Within Its Structure and on Establishing Their Borders, as amended by the Law #56 of January 24, 2006 On Amending the Law of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of Mozdoksky District, Granting It the Status of a Municipal District, Establishing Municipal Formations—Urban and Rural Settlements—Within Its Structure and on Establishing Their Borders". Effective as of March 1, 2005.).

External links

• China Daily comments on the attacks

На других языках

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[de] Mosdok

Mosdok (russisch Моздок, ossetisch Мӕздӕг?/i .mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}Mæsdæg}) ist eine Stadt in der nordkaukasischen Republik Nordossetien-Alanien in Russland mit 38.768 Einwohnern (Stand 14. Oktober 2010).[1]

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- [en] Mozdok

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[es] Mozdok

Mozdok (en ruso: 'Моздо́к'), en osetio, Мæздæг  Mæsdæg (?·i) es una localidad de la República de Osetia del Norte, en la Federación Rusa.

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[ru] Моздок

Моздо́к (осет. Мæздæг (инф.), кабард.-черк. Мэздэгу) — город в Республике Северная Осетия — Алания. Второй по величине город республики.

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