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Kotlas (Russian: Ко́тлас) is a town in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Northern Dvina and Vychegda Rivers. Population: 60,562 (2010 Census);[3] 60,647 (2002 Census);[9] 68,021 (1989 Census).[10]

Kotlas Котлас
Town[1]
Former headquarters of the Pechora Railway in Kotlas
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Kotlas
Kotlas Location of Kotlas Show map of Russia Kotlas Kotlas (Arkhangelsk Oblast) Show map of Arkhangelsk Oblast
Coordinates: 61°15′N 46°38′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Arkhangelsk Oblast[1]
Founded	1890
Town status since	June 16, 1917
Area [2]
• Total	68.039 km2 (26.270 sq mi)
Elevation	80 m (260 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[3]
• Total	60,562
• Estimate  (2018)[4]	61,805 (+2.1%)
• Rank	271st in 2010
• Density	890/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	town of oblast significance of Kotlas[5]
• Capital of	town of oblast significance of Kotlas[5], Kotlassky District[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Kotlas Urban Okrug[6]
• Capital of	Kotlas Urban Okrug[6], Kotlassky Municipal District,[6] Cheryomushskoye Rural Settlement[6]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [7])
Postal code(s)[8]	165300–165306, 165308, 165309, 165311–165313, 165398, 165399
Dialing code(s)	+7 81837
OKTMO ID	11710000001
Website	www.kotlas-city.ru

Kotlas is the third largest town of Arkhangelsk Oblast in terms of population (after Arkhangelsk and Severodvinsk) and an important transport hub.

History

The place was probably inhabited from ancient times, but was only granted official town status by the Provisional Government of Russia on June 16, 1917, when it was a part of Vologda Governorate.^{[citation needed]} In 1918, the area was transferred to the newly formed Northern Dvina Governorate, and in 1924 the uyezds were abolished in favor of the new divisions, the districts (raions). Kotlassky District was established on June 25, 1924.[11] In 1929, Northern Dvina Governorate was merged into Northern Krai, which in 1936 was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Kotlassky District remained in Arkhangelsk Oblast ever since.

Gulag

During the 1930s, Kotlas became a place to which kulaks were deported and made to work in the forestry industry. It was managed by the Kotlaslag division of Gulag. Later, it hosted all possible categories of people repressed during the Stalin era. A significant population of Poles existed in the area, with whole Polish villages resettled here in 1920s and 1930s.

Labor camps existed within the territory of the city until 1953. Besides logging and the paper industry, inmates worked at plant, housing, bridge, and railroad construction. Most of camps were unguarded barrack settlements. In addition, Kotlas was a major transit point for deportees transferred further to the north and east, since it was a railroad terminus. There is a Kotlas branch of the Sovest (Conscience) organization, which seeks to preserve the memory of those times and seek compensation for victims.

Pechora railway

The further development of Kotlas was due to the construction of the Pechora Railway. Already from 1899 Kotlas was connected by a railway line with Vyatka (currently Kirov), which was heavily used for the cargo transport of goods to and from the Northern Dvina. In 1940, the construction of the railroad connecting Konosha (on the railway stretch between Moscow and Arkhangelsk) to Vorkuta started. The railroad was needed to transport coal, timber, and later oil from the Komi Republic. The headquarters of this railroad were opened in Kotlas. In the same year, Kotlas became a separate administrative unit. In December 1941, the road was completed, and from 1942, the regular service started. Kotlas thus became an important transport hub. The headquarters of the Pechora Railway were located in Kotlas until 1959, when the railway was merged into the Northern Railway.[12]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kotlas serves as the administrative center of Kotlassky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with one work settlement (Vychegodsky) and two rural localities, incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Kotlas—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[5] As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Kotlas is incorporated as Kotlas Urban Okrug.[6]

Within the framework of municipal divisions, Kotlas also serves as the administrative center of Cheryomushskoye Rural Settlement, even though it is not a part of it.[6]

Economy

Kotlas is a center of timber industry and an important river port and a railroad center (situated on the railroad connecting central Russia with the Komi Republic).

The Northern Dvina and the Vychegda Rivers are navigable; there is regular passenger navigation on the Vychegda. Roads connect Kotlas with Veliky Ustyug (and eventually Vologda and Kostroma) to the South, Syktyvkar to the East, and Krasnoborsk (eventually Arkhangelsk) to the North. There is regular passenger bus traffic originating in Kotlas.

Kotlas is an important railway hub, where the railway to Kirov branches off south-east from the main railway, connecting Konosha and Vorkuta.

Kotlas is served by the Kotlas Airport and is home to the Savatiya air base.

Culture and recreation

The Church of St. Stephan of Perm was built in 1788, and the adjacent bell-tower was built in 1825. Both are protected at the local level as architectural monuments, as is Narodny Dom, a wooden house built at the beginning of 20th century.[13]

Climate

Kotlas has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc).

Sports

Salyut is the local bandy club. Alexandr Tyukavin, a notable player voted as third best player of the Russian National Championship 2011–2012, was born in Kotlas.[15][16] In 2014 he was awarded a prize from the International Fair Play Committee.

Twin towns – sister cities

This article needs to be updated. (March 2022)

Kotlas is twinned with:[17]

• Tarnów, Poland
• Waterville, Maine, United States

References

Notes

Sources

• Архангельское областное Собрание депутатов. Областной закон №65-5-ОЗ от 23 сентября 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Архангельской области», в ред. Областного закона №232-13-ОЗ от 16 декабря 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Областные Законы в сфере осуществления местного самоуправления и взаимодействия с некоммерческими организациями». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волна", №43, 6 октября 2009 г. (Arkhangelsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Oblast Law #65-5-OZ of September 23, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Arkhangelsk Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #232-13-OZ of December 16, 2014 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Dealing with the Process of Municipal Self-Government and Relations with Non-Profit Organizations. Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
• Архангельское областное Собрание депутатов. Областной закон №258-внеоч.-ОЗ от 23 сентября 2004 г. «О статусе и границах территорий муниципальных образований в Архангельской области», в ред. Областного закона №224-13-ОЗ от 16 декабря 2014 г. «Об упразднении отдельных населённых пунктов Соловецкого района Архангельской области и о внесении изменения в статью 46 Областного закона "О статусе и границах территорий муниципальных образований в Архангельской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волна", №38, 8 октября 2004 г. (Arkhangelsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Oblast Law #258-vneoch.-OZ of September 23, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Territories of the Municipal Formations in Arkhangelsk Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #224-13-OZ of December 16, 2014 On Abolishing Several Inhabited Localities in Solovetsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast and on Amending Article 46 of the Oblast Law "On the Status and Borders of the Territories of the Municipal Formations in Arkhangelsk Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

External links

Media related to Kotlas at Wikimedia Commons

• Official website of Kotlas (in Russian)
• Kotlas Business Directory kotlas.jsprav.ru (in Russian)

На других языках

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[de] Kotlas

Kotlas (russisch Ко́тлас) ist eine Stadt in der Oblast Archangelsk im Norden Russlands mit 60.562 Einwohnern (Stand 14. Oktober 2010).[1]

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- [en] Kotlas

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[es] Kotlas

Kotlas (en ruso: Котлас) es una ciudad de Rusia perteneciente al óblast de Arcángel. Está situada en la confluencia de los ríos Dviná Septentrional y Víchegda, a 482 kilómetros al sudeste de Arcángel. Su población en el año 2021 era de 62 284 habitantes. La ciudad se fundó en el año 1890 y obtuvo el reconocimiento de ciudad en el año 1917. Cerca de Kotlas se encuentra el único cosmódromo ruso.

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[ru] Котлас

Ко́тлас — город (с 1917 г.) в Архангельской области России. Административный центр Котласского района (в состав которого не входит) и городского округа Котлас[4].

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