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Alushta ( Ukrainian: Алушта; Crimean Tatar: Aluşta; Greek: Ἄλουστον) is a city of regional significance on the southern coast of the Crimean peninsula which is within the Republic of Crimea, an internationally recognized de jure part of Ukraine, but since 2014 a de facto federal subject of the Russian Federation. It is situated at the Black Sea beach line on the road from Hurzuf to Sudak, as well as on the Crimean Trolleybus line. Population: 29,078 (2014 Census).[1]

Alushta
  • Алушта
  • Aluşta
City
Flag
Coat of arms
Alushta
Location of Alushta within Crimea
Coordinates: 44°40′2″N 34°23′52″E
CountryDisputed:
  •  Ukraine (de jure)
  •  Russia (de facto)
Republic Crimea
MunicipalityAlushta Municipality
Area
 • Total6.983 km2 (2.696 sq mi)
Elevation
50 m (160 ft)
Population
 (2014)
 • Total29,078
 • Density4,200/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (MSK)
Postal code
298500 — 298519 (Russia)
Area code+7-36560
Former nameAluston ('till the 15th century)
ClimateCfa
Websitealushta.rk.gov.ru

The area is notable for its arid, rocky terrain due to its proximity to Crimean mountains. During Byzantine times the town was called Alouston (Ἄλουστον) meaning "Unwashed".[2] Vestiges survive of a Byzantine defensive tower from a fortress of which the city name has derived, as well as a 15th-century Genoese fortress. During the Genoese rule the name modified to Lusta. Adam Mickiewicz dedicated two of his Crimean Sonnets to Alushta.

It is also the home of Seyit the Wolf in the Turkish drama Kurt Seyit ve Sura.

In 1910, 544 Jews lived in Alushta, consisting about 13% of the town population. In 1939, they consisted only 2.3% of the town overall population, numbering 251 individuals. On 4 November 1941, the Germans occupied the town and on 24 November 1941, a unit of sonderkommando 10b shot to death 30 Jews along with captured communists and partisans. In early December 1941, about 250 Jews from Alushta were shot to death by sonderkommando 11b in the park of trade union sanatorium no. 7, which is today in the local center for children and creativity.[3]


Climate


Climate data for Alushta (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 6.8
(44.2)		 6.7
(44.1)		 9.2
(48.6)		 13.9
(57.0)		 19.6
(67.3)		 24.6
(76.3)		 28.0
(82.4)		 27.9
(82.2)		 23.3
(73.9)		 17.7
(63.9)		 12.2
(54.0)		 8.4
(47.1)		 16.5
(61.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.6
(38.5)		 3.1
(37.6)		 5.4
(41.7)		 10.1
(50.2)		 15.3
(59.5)		 20.2
(68.4)		 23.4
(74.1)		 23.4
(74.1)		 18.5
(65.3)		 13.2
(55.8)		 8.2
(46.8)		 5.0
(41.0)		 12.5
(54.5)
Average low °C (°F) 0.8
(33.4)		 0.1
(32.2)		 2.2
(36.0)		 6.7
(44.1)		 11.3
(52.3)		 15.9
(60.6)		 19.0
(66.2)		 18.5
(65.3)		 14.0
(57.2)		 9.3
(48.7)		 4.8
(40.6)		 2.1
(35.8)		 8.7
(47.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 46.9
(1.85)		 42.5
(1.67)		 37.9
(1.49)		 29.5
(1.16)		 24.3
(0.96)		 39.4
(1.55)		 32.4
(1.28)		 41.4
(1.63)		 34.2
(1.35)		 38.0
(1.50)		 44.4
(1.75)		 52.6
(2.07)		 463.5
(18.25)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 8.0 7.1 6.8 5.6 5.7 5.7 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.9 7.0 8.2 71.6
Average relative humidity (%) 78.7 77.5 77.1 77.1 74.7 71.3 65.5 64.7 70.0 75.6 78.9 78.5 74.1
Source: World Meteorological Organization[4]



International relations


See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Ukraine

Twin towns — Sister cities


Alushta is twinned with:


References


Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Alushta.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alushta.
  1. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2014). "Таблица 1.3. Численность населения Крымского федерального округа, городских округов, муниципальных районов, городских и сельских поселений" [Table 1.3. Population of Crimean Federal District, Its Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, Urban and Rural Settlements]. Федеральное статистическое наблюдение «Перепись населения в Крымском федеральном округе». ("Population Census in Crimean Federal District" Federal Statistical Examination) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
  2. Variants are Ἄλουστος (masc.), Ἀλοῦστον (neu.), Ἀλούστα (fem.) The feminine form, Alusta, is consistent with it application to a city rather than a fortress. The anhydrous climate likely gave rise to a satirical, anthropomorphic appellation of “unwashed” to the place from a resident(s). Χαραλαμπάκης, Παντελής. “Σκέψεισγια δυο Μεσαιωνικα Τοπωνυμια της Κριμαιαs, (Αλουστου, Παρθενιται)” [Reflections on two medieval names of Crimea (Aloustou, Parthenitai], Βυζαντινά Σύμμεικτα 23 (2013): 201–216; esp. 203, note 7.
  3. The murder of the Jews of Alushta during World War II, at Yad Vashem website
  4. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  5. "Sadraudzības pilsētas". jurmala.lv. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 26 April 2014. (in Latvian and English)

На других языках

[de] Aluschta

Aluschta (ukrainisch und russisch Алушта; krimtatarisch Aluşta) ist ein Kur- und Urlaubsort in der Autonomen Republik Krim am Schwarzen Meer in der Ukraine mit 29.400 Einwohnern (Stand 1. Januar 2004).
- [en] Alushta

[ru] Алушта

Алу́шта[7] (укр. Алу́шта, крымскотат. Aluşta, Алушта) — город-курорт на южном берегу Крыма. Административный центр городского округа Алушта (Алуштинского горсовета), так называемой Большой Алушты.


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