Sanda (三田市, Sanda-shi) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The city was founded on July 1, 1958. As of August 31, 2016, the city has an estimated population of 113,726 and a population density of 540.73 persons per km2. The total area is 210.22 km2.
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Sanda
三田市 | |
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City | |
![]() Flag ![]() Seal | |
![]() Location of Sanda in Hyōgo Prefecture | |
![]() ![]() Sanda Location in Japan | |
Coordinates: 34°53′N 135°14′E | |
Country | Japan |
Region | Kansai |
Prefecture | Hyōgo Prefecture |
Government | |
• Mayor | Hideaki Takeuchi |
Area | |
• Total | 210.22 km2 (81.17 sq mi) |
Population (August 31, 2016) | |
• Total | 113,726 |
• Density | 540.73/km2 (1,400.5/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+09:00 (JST) |
City hall address | 2-1-1, Miwa, Sanda-shi, Hyōgo-ken 669-1595 |
Climate | Cfa |
Website | www |
Symbols | |
Bird | Green pheasant |
Flower | Satsuki azalea |
Tree | Japanese red pine |
The name "Sanda" has been in use since long ago. Records found within a Buddhist Maitreya statue in the ancient Konshinji Temple read: "These areas are decreed as Matsuyama's land, which includes Onden, Hiden and Keiden, which are three rice fields, and the land is thus renamed Sanda." In Japanese, "san" means three and "ta" (pronounced "da" following "n") means rice field. The earliest document on record which refers to Sanda is from 1477.
The area of modern Sanda was occupied by humans starting from at least 25,000 years ago.
Sanda Castle was erected during the Muromachi period. A castle town was later built during the Azuchi-Momoyama period, and Sanda flourished as a castle town governed by the Kuki clan, producing 36,000 koku (equivalent to 184,000 rice bushels) annually.
After the Meiji period, Sanda expanded as the center of Arima District [ja] thanks to the completion of a railroad system which connected the town and the surrounding areas. In 1956, the towns of Miwa, Hirono, Ono, and Takahira merged into the town of Sanda. Finally, Sanda annexed Aino, itself a merger of towns Ai and Honjō, in 1957. Sanda was upgraded from a town to a city on July 1, 1958.
Sanda City is located in the southeast of Hyōgo Prefecture, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the north of the city of Kobe beyond the Rokkō Mountains and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of the city of Osaka. Sanda city is adjacent to the city of Sasayama to the north. Takarazuka and Inagawa lie to the east. Miki and Katō are located to the west.
The Muko River runs through Sanda from Sasayama City in the north to Osaka Bay in the southeast. The size of the drainage basin is 496 km2. The river is host to events and festivals throughout the year.
Sanda has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with hot summers and cool to cold winters. Precipitation is significantly higher in summer than in winter, though on the whole lower than most parts of Honshū, and there is no significant snowfall. The average annual temperature in Sanda is 14.1 °C (57.4 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,281.8 mm (50.46 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.4 °C (79.5 °F), and lowest in January, at around 2.5 °C (36.5 °F).[1] The highest temperature ever recorded in Sanda was 38.4 °C (101.1 °F) on 8 August 1994; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −10.6 °C (12.9 °F) on 23 December 2005.[2]
Climate data for Sanda (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 17.4 (63.3) |
20.8 (69.4) |
22.9 (73.2) |
29.1 (84.4) |
31.4 (88.5) |
35.2 (95.4) |
37.2 (99.0) |
38.4 (101.1) |
36.0 (96.8) |
32.1 (89.8) |
25.3 (77.5) |
22.1 (71.8) |
38.4 (101.1) |
Average high °C (°F) | 7.7 (45.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
12.6 (54.7) |
18.5 (65.3) |
23.5 (74.3) |
26.5 (79.7) |
30.2 (86.4) |
31.8 (89.2) |
27.4 (81.3) |
21.7 (71.1) |
16.0 (60.8) |
10.3 (50.5) |
19.6 (67.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.5 (36.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
6.8 (44.2) |
12.3 (54.1) |
17.5 (63.5) |
21.6 (70.9) |
25.5 (77.9) |
26.4 (79.5) |
22.3 (72.1) |
16.1 (61.0) |
10.0 (50.0) |
4.7 (40.5) |
14.1 (57.3) |
Average low °C (°F) | −2.2 (28.0) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
1.0 (33.8) |
5.9 (42.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
17.1 (62.8) |
21.6 (70.9) |
22.1 (71.8) |
17.9 (64.2) |
11.0 (51.8) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
9.0 (48.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −10.1 (13.8) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.6 (54.7) |
14.1 (57.4) |
7.6 (45.7) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 41.7 (1.64) |
52.6 (2.07) |
92.8 (3.65) |
94.7 (3.73) |
125.5 (4.94) |
165.1 (6.50) |
171.1 (6.74) |
128.4 (5.06) |
165.5 (6.52) |
127.5 (5.02) |
66.5 (2.62) |
50.4 (1.98) |
1,281.8 (50.46) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 5.8 | 6.8 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 11.4 | 10.5 | 8.4 | 10.3 | 8.5 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 104 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 134.6 | 128.9 | 157.8 | 181.2 | 182.9 | 131.9 | 148.4 | 198.7 | 146.7 | 158.5 | 143.2 | 140.5 | 1,853.3 |
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[2][1] |
Per Japanese census data, the population of Sanda in 2020 was 109,238 people.[3] Sanda has been conducting censuses since 1920.
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1920 | 22,008 | — |
1925 | 22,238 | +1.0% |
1930 | 23,513 | +5.7% |
1935 | 23,212 | −1.3% |
1940 | 24,282 | +4.6% |
1945 | 33,145 | +36.5% |
1950 | 33,211 | +0.2% |
1955 | 33,667 | +1.4% |
1960 | 32,528 | −3.4% |
1965 | 32,265 | −0.8% |
1970 | 33,090 | +2.6% |
1975 | 35,261 | +6.6% |
1980 | 36,529 | +3.6% |
1985 | 40,716 | +11.5% |
1990 | 64,560 | +58.6% |
1995 | 96,279 | +49.1% |
2000 | 111,737 | +16.1% |
2005 | 113,572 | +1.6% |
2010 | 114,220 | +0.6% |
2015 | 112,691 | −1.3% |
2020 | 109,238 | −3.1% |
Sanda population statistics[3] |
Sanda is served by several forms of transportation.
Railways connect the city to other cities in the region, including Kobe and Osaka.
The museum's theme is the "symbiosis of people and nature". It opened in Flowertown on October 10, 1992, and is known as "Hitohaku" in Japanese. It is one of the largest public museums in Japan.
Satonone Hall is a large performance venue in Sanda. It was completed in March 2007. The facility features a large hall, small hall, rehearsal rooms, and display rooms. The interior is decorated in soft tones and motifs symbolic of the harvest of Satoyama, persimmons, ears of rice, water, and wind.
Sanda has three libraries:
Sanda city also has a mobile library called "Soyokaze". It began service on January 19, 1994 and has about 3,500 books.
Sanda has many hospitals and medical facilities.
Sanda has many shopping centers.
Mitsubishi Electric (Melco) has a large R&D and production campus in Sanda. Many large industries in Sanda city are concentrated in the Hokusetsu Sanda Technopark. The industries represented primarily include pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, and distribution. Some specific companies based in the Technopark are:
Sanda has many parks and recreation facilities available for public use.
An outdoor bath which features hinoki and an arrangement of garden rocks. There are separate baths for men and women.
Features both Bali-style and Japanese-style outdoor baths.
Located in Fukushima, Sanda and opened in 2001. The park is named for Mt. Arima Fuji, which is located within the park. There are three parks within the park: a waterfront park, a forest park, and a grassland park. [4]
A multi-use sports facility featuring a tennis court, ball park, athletic field, and gym.
Sanda Matsuri is the largest annual event in Sanda. There is a large firework display with over 2,500 fireworks. It takes place on August 4 near the Muko River.
Hyakkoku Odori takes place in late November near the Komausahachiman Shrine.
Sanda Akindo Matsuri takes place in early December in the shopping district in front of Sanda station.
Sanda Nōgyō Matsuri takes place on November 3 and 4.
Tenjinsai takes place in late July in Sanda Tenman Shrine. In the morning, there is a festival, followed by a special lion dance in the afternoon.
Sanda beef (三田牛, Sanda-gyū) has historically been produced in Hyōgo at the rate of about 1,000 heads of cattle per year. It is regarded as being of higher quality than Kobe beef.
Mōshi tea is produced in May and June and is shipped to points all over Japan. It is sold at local stores as well, such as Paskaru-Sanda, Itunoeki-Inagawa, Kumazeinosato and Kobe-sogou.
Sanda is twinned with:[6]
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