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Sessa Aurunca is a town and comune in the province of Caserta, Campania, southern Italy. It is located on the south west slope of the extinct volcano of Roccamonfina, 40 kilometres (25 mi) by rail west north west of Caserta and 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Formia.

Sessa Aurunca
Comune
Comune di Sessa Aurunca
Coat of arms
Location of Sessa Aurunca
Sessa Aurunca Location of Sessa Aurunca in Italy Show map of Italy Sessa Aurunca Sessa Aurunca (Campania) Show map of Campania
Coordinates: 41°14′N 13°56′E
Country	Italy
Region	Campania
Province	Caserta (CE)
Frazioni	Aulpi, Avezzano, Baia Domizia, Carano, Cascano, Cescheto, Corbara, Corigliano, Cupa, Fasani, Fontanaradina, Gusti, Lauro, Li Paoli, Maiano, Marzuli, Piedimonte, Ponte, Rongolise, San Carlo, San Castrese, San Martino, Santa Maria a Valogno, Sorbello, Tuoro, Valogno
Government
• Mayor	Lorenzo Di Iorio
Area [1]
• Total	162.18 km2 (62.62 sq mi)
Elevation	203 m (666 ft)
Population  (31 March 2022)[2]
• Total	20,206
• Density	120/km2 (320/sq mi)
Demonym	Sessani
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	81037
Dialing code	0823
Patron saint	St. Leo IX
Saint day	May 8
Website	Official website

It is situated on the site of ancient Suessa Aurunca, near the river Garigliano. The hill on which Sessa lies is a mass of volcanic tuff.

Toponym

The name Sessa comes from Colonia Julia Felix Classica Suessa (or in short S.P.Q.S."Suessa"), a city belonging to the ancient Auruncan Pentapolis, which is the historic core of the downtown. It is assumed that the name can be derived from the happy location ("sessio", that is, seat, gentle hill from the mild climate of the local territory).

Physical geography

Sessa Aurunca is the largest municipality in Campania.In 1945 the province of Caserta was reconstituted with a legislative decree signed by Umberto di Savoia, suppressed in 1927 and aggregated to the Province of Naples with the exception of Nolano and the district of Acerra and Sessa Aurunca was re-established to the province of Caserta. For territorial extension Sessa are the second in Campania after Ariano Irpino. It is located 44 km (27 mi) from the Caserta on the modern SS7, the Via Appia state road.By road the maximum distance Sessa Aurunca center and Naples city are about 69.89 km (43.43 mi) as regards the municipality of Sessa south west territory and that of the municipality of ((Giugliano:Napoli)) the distance is 40 km (25 mi), via Domiziana while the distance in a straight line is 51.39 km (31.93 mi) from Naples.

History

The ancient chief town of the Aurunci, Suessa is sometimes identified with a site at over 600 metres (2,000 ft) above the level of the sea, on the narrow south-western edge of the extinct crater of Roccamonfina. Here some remains of Cyclopean masonry exist; but the area enclosed, about 100 by 50 metres (330 by 160 ft), is too small for anything but a detached fort. This site dates more probably from a time before the wars between the Aurunci and the Romans.

In 337 BC the town was abandoned under the pressure of the Sidicini, in favour of the site of the modern Sessa. The new town kept the old name until 313, when a Latin colony under the name Suessa Aurunca was founded here. It was among the towns that had the right of coinage, and it manufactured carts, baskets and others. Cicero speaks of it as a place of some importance. The triumviri settled some of their veterans here, whence it appears as Colonia Julia Felix Classica Suessa. From inscriptions it appears that Matidia the younger, sister-in-law of Hadrian, had property in the district. It was not on a highroad, but on a branch between the Via Appia at Minturnae and the Via Latina crater mentioned.

Suessa saw its maximum urban expansion in the early Roman imperial age: the town extended over an area almost twice the current and counted several large buildings.

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Sessa lost much of its population, and was located on the boundaries between the Duchy of Benevento (later Principality of Capua) and the Duchy of Gaeta. Starting from the 14th century it became a fiefdom (as a semi-independent duchy) of the Marzano family, part of the Kingdom of Naples. In 1466 it returned under direct control of the Neapolitan crown.

Main sights

Ancient era

• Roman Theatre (2nd-1st century BC). Excavated since 2001, it was enlarged by Matidia Minor in the second century AD. It could hold more than 6,500 spectators with a scene of about 40 meters in length and 25 in height. The theater was built on the slope of a hill, facing the Gulf of Gaeta.
• Cryptoporticus (1st century BC)
• Aerarium – Tabularium
• Ronaco Bridge, in brickwork, formed by twenty-one arches

Middle Ages

• Cathedral, a medieval basilica with a vaulted portico and a nave and two aisles. Begun in 1103, internally it features a mosaic pavement in the Cosmatesque style, a good ambo resting on columns and decorated with mosaics showing traces of Moorish influence, a Paschal candle, and an organ gallery. The portal has sculptures with scenes from the life of Saint Peter and Saint Paul.
• Catacombs of S. Casto
• Ducal Castle, built in the tenth century by the Lombard gastald of the city. It was enlarged under Frederick II of Hohenstaufen with a new tower, and modified to also serve as residence in the 15th century by the Marzano family. It a has a quadrangular plan with double mullioned windows dating from the 13th century.
• Cloister of St. Dominic
• The Cappucini's Gate

Modern and contemporary ages

• Seat of St. Matthew
• Church of St. Stephen
• Church of Sant'Agostino
• Church of Sant'Anna
• St. John's Church at Villa
• Church of San Giovanni Square
• Church of the Annunziata
• St. Charles Church
• Church of St. Germano
• Boarding school "Agostino Nifo" built in the 14th century and opened in 1418.
• Sanctuary of Santa Maria della Libera, in the frazione of Carano.

In some streets are memorial stones with inscriptions in honour of Charles V, surmounted by an old crucifix with a mosaic cross.

Culture

Events in the town include:

• The Holy Week at Sessa Aurunca
• Great District Tournament, held between the first and second Sunday of September.
• Carnevale Aurunco

Tourism

Baia Domizia is a small resort town included in the comune of Sessa Aurunca. The village was built since 1964 and is located near the river Garigliano, inside an Italian pine forest and nice volcanic sand beaches. It is a holiday town with 11 kilometres (7 mi) of private beaches. The village offers a superb combination of sea, sand and sightseeing. Baia Domizia gained the status as a main destination of summer tourism on the Litorale Domizio and is one of the best known seaside resorts in Campania Region.

Transportation

Sessa Aurunca is connected by railway to Naples and Rome.

See also

• Aurunca

References

External links

• Purcell, N., R. Talbert, T. Elliott, S. Gillies. "Places: 433132 (Suessa Aurunca)". Pleiades. Retrieved March 8, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• https://www.visitsessa.com/

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Sessa Aurunca". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 701–702.

На других языках

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[de] Sessa Aurunca

Sessa Aurunca ist eine italienische Gemeinde (comune) mit 21.036 Einwohnern (Stand 31. Dezember 2019) in der Provinz Caserta in Kampanien. Die Gemeinde grenzt an die Provinz Latina. Die Stadt liegt etwa 40 Kilometer nordwestlich von Caserta und etwa 30 Kilometer östlich von Formia. Durch das Gebiet der Gemeinde fließt der Garigliano am Fuß des erloschenen Vulkans Roccamonfina entlang.

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- [en] Sessa Aurunca

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[es] Sessa Aurunca

Sessa Aurunca es un municipio situado en el territorio de la Provincia de Caserta, en la Campania, (Italia).

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[ru] Сесса-Аурунка

Сесса-Аурунка (итал. Sessa Aurunca) — город в Италии, располагается в регионе Кампания, в провинции Казерта.

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