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Augusta (Italian: [auˈɡusta],[4] archaically Agosta; Sicilian: Austa [aˈusta]; Greek and Latin: Megara Hyblaea, Medieval: Augusta) is a town and comune in the province of Syracuse, located on the eastern coast of Sicily (southern Italy). The city is one of the main harbours in Italy, especially for oil refineries (Sonatrach and others as part of the complex Augusta-Priolo) which are in its vicinity.

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Italian. (January 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at [[:it:Augusta (Italia)]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|it|Augusta (Italia)}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Augusta Austa  (Sicilian)
Comune
Comune di Augusta
Coat of arms
Location of Augusta
Augusta Location of Augusta in Italy Show map of Italy Augusta Augusta (Sicily) Show map of Sicily
Coordinates: 37°15′N 15°13′E
Country	Italy
Region	Sicily
Province	Syracuse (SR)
Frazioni	Agnone Bagni, Brucoli
Government
• Mayor	Maria Concetta Di Pietro (Five Star Movement)
Area [1]
• Total	111.16 km2 (42.92 sq mi)
Elevation	15 m (49 ft)
Population  (30 November 2017[2])[3]
• Total	35,854
• Density	320/km2 (840/sq mi)
Demonym	Augustani
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	96011
Dialing code	0931
Patron saint	St. Dominic
Saint day	May 24
Website	Official website

Geography

The city is situated in the province of Syracuse and faces the Ionian Sea. The old town is an island, made in the 16th century by cutting an isthmus and is connected to the mainland by two bridges. One bridge was built recently^[when?] (Viaduct Frederick II of Swabia) and the other was built when the city was founded and is called the Porta Spagnola. Augusta is home to two ports.

History

Founded 27 centuries ago, Megara Hyblaea is one of the oldest Greek colonies of Sicily. It was destroyed by its rival Syracuse, was raised from its ruins, then taken by the Romans together with Syracuse during the Second Punic War. It remains an archaeological site, a testimony of the organization of a Greek colony of the Archaic period.

Upon the ruins of one of its suburbs, Xiphonia, the city of Augusta was founded in 1232 by Emperor Frederick II. After the Angevin domination, it became part of Aragonese Sicily and, from 1362, it was a fief of Guglielmo Raimondo II Moncada. It returned to be a royal possession (under Spain) in 1560, and was extensively fortified to counter Turkish pirates.

In 1675 its harbor was the site of a naval battle between the Dutch-Spanish and the French fleets. The town suffered a major earthquake and tsunami in 1693.[5]

During World War II Augusta was a hotbed of anti-Mussolini sentiment and anti-fascist sentiment more generally, as was all of Sicily.[6] Because of the strongarm tactics that the Mussolini regime used to subdue Sicily, the fascist regime was very unpopular on the island, including in Augusta.[7] When British and American forces arrived in Sicily, the Sicilians did not regard them as conquering invaders but rather greeted them as "emancipators come to lift the evil burden of fascism from their shoulders."[8][9] All across Sicily the invading forces were greeted with relief and often with unbridled enthusiasm.[10]

During Operation Husky, the combined British and American effort to dislodge fascist forces from Sicily, the plan was for British forces under General Montgomery to capture Augusta during the first few days of the operation. This part of the operation went entirely according to plan and Augusta was captured on July 13, 1943, by the British Eighth Army, led by Britain's General Montgomery. Almost immediately thereafter British forces began moving north towards Catania.[11]

Main sights

This section is written like a travel guide rather than an encyclopedic description of the subject. (January 2022)

• Castello Svevo (Hohenstaufen Castle, built c. 1232). It has a square plan of a 62-metre (203 ft) side length, with eight towers
• Capo Santa Croce Lighthouse
• Church of Anime Sante del Purgatorio (S. Nicolò). The Baroque façade is attributed to Filippo Juvarra
• Church of Carmine
• Church of Cristo Re
• Church of Maria Santissima Assunta (Augusta)
• Church of Maria Santissima del Soccorso
• Church of Sacro Cuore
• Church of San Domenico (13th century). The façade is in Neoclassical style
• Church of San Francesco di Paola
• Church of San Giuseppe
• Church of Santa Maria Delle Grazie
• Church of Santa Maria del Soccorso
• Church of San Sebastiano
• Church of Sant'Andrea
• Church of Santa Lucia
• Convent of the Dominican Fathers
• Eremo Adonai
• Forti Garsia e Vittoria
• Hangar dirigibili Augusta
• Kursaal Augusto
• Porta Spagnola
• Ricetta di Malta
• Porta Spagnola (17th century)
• Torre Avalos

Notable people

• Emanuele d'Astorga, composer
• Orso Mario Corbino, physicist
• Epicarmo Corbino, economist
• Giuseppe Di Mare (composer), organist, pianist and composer
• Rosario Fiorello, showman
• Beppe Fiorello, actor
• Alfredo Maria Garsia, Bishop of Caltanissetta
• Marcello Guagliardo Giordani, opera singer (tenor)
• Giovanni Lavaggi, Formula 1 driver
• Roy Paci, musician
• Antonio Scaduto, canoeist
• Riccardo Schicchi, director
• Chiara Strazzulla, writer

References

External links

• Augusta News
• Augusta map and facilities
• Augusta port facilities Archived 2018-01-30 at the Wayback Machine
• Augusta Boston Club

На других языках

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[de] Augusta (Sizilien)

Augusta ist eine Stadt und Gemeinde im Freien Gemeindekonsortium Syrakus mit 35.698 Einwohnern (Stand 31. Dezember 2019) in der Region Sizilien in Italien und der Name der Insel, auf der ein Teil der Stadt liegt.

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- [en] Augusta, Sicily

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[ru] Аугуста (Сицилия)

Аугуста (итал. Augusta) — город в Италии, расположен в регионе Сицилия, подчинён административному центру Сиракузы.

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