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Kurdistan or Kordestan province (Persian: استان کردستان, romanized: Ostān-e Kordestān; Kurdish: پارێزگای کوردستان, romanized: Parêzgayî Kurdistan[4][5]), is a province in Iran. The province of Kurdistan is 28,817 km² in area.

Kurdistan province
Province
Miyane village
Location of Kurdistan Province within Iran
Coordinates: 35.3113°N 46.9960°E / 35.3113; 46.9960
Country	Iran
Region	Region 3
Capital	Sanandaj
Counties	10
Government
• Governor-general	Esmaeil Zarei Kousha
Area
• Total	29,137 km2 (11,250 sq mi)
Population  (2011)[1]
• Total	1,493,645
• Density	51/km2 (130/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+03:30 (IRST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+04:30 (IRST)
Main language(s)	Persian (official) local languages:[2] Azerbaijani Kurdish
HDI (2017)	0.743[3] high · 30th

It is located in the west of Iran, in Region 3. It borders the Kurdistan Region of Iraq to the west, the province of West Azerbaijan to the north, Zanjan to the northeast, Hamedan to the east and Kermanshah to the south.[6] It exists within both Iranian Kurdistan and Kurdistan.

The capital of Kurdistan Province is the city of Sanandaj.[7] Other counties with their major cities are Saqqez, Baneh, Diwandarreh, Bijar, Qorveh, Dehgolan, Kamyaran, Sarvabad and Marivan.

Demographics

The population of the province in 1996 was 1,346,383 of which 52.42% were urban dwellers and 47.58% rural dwellers. According to the 2011 census, the population increased to 1,493,645 out of which 66% lived in urban area.[1]

Kurds are the majority of the population, but Azerbaijanis populate the eastern provincial borderlands. Most of the Kurdish population speak Sorani Kurdish, but Southern Kurdish is spoken in the eastern parts of the province, including in Bijar and Dezej, while Gorani is the main language in many villages in the southwestern part of the province. A distinct Azerbaijani dialect is the dominant language in the far-eastern part of the province, including in the cities of Delbaran, Pir Taj, Serishabad, Yasukand and Tup Aghaj. While not being the primary language in any settlement in the province, Persian is increasingly becoming the first language, especially among the population in the eastern parts of the province.[2]

Kurdistan linguistic composition[2] language percent Kurdish   87.87% Gorani   7.96% Turkic   4.18%

Most Populous Cities

The following sorted table, lists the most populous cities in Kurdistan in 2016.[8]

Rank	City	County	Population
1	Sanandaj	Sanandaj	412,767
2	Saqqez	Saqqez	165,258
3	Marivan	Marivan	136,654
4	Baneh	Baneh	110,218
5	Qorveh	Qorveh	78,276
6	Kamyaran	Kamyaran	57,077
7	Bijar	Bijar	50,014
8	Divandarreh	Divandarreh	34,007
9	Dehgolan	Dehgolan	25,992
10	Kani Dinar	Marivan	13,059

History

The earliest human occupation of Kurdistan dates back to Paleolithic Period when Neanderthal man lived in the Sirwan Valley of Kurdistan more than 40,000 years ago.[9]

Administration

Kurdistan Province (Kordestan Ostan) is sub-divided into 10 counties (shahrestan), with populations as follows at the 2006, 2011, and 2016 Censuses. Each country is named after the city or town which is its administrative capital.

Kurdistan Counties	Population at 2006 Census	Population at 2011 Census	Population at 2016 Census
Sanandaj	417,177	450,167	501,400
Dehgolan	*	62,844	64,015
Saqqez	208,425	210,820	226,451
Marivan	153,271	168,774	195,262
Kamyaran	105,895	105,996	102,856
Baneh	118,667	132,565	158,690
Divandarreh	82,741	81,963	98,040
Qorveh	199,622	136,961	140,192
Bijar	97,913	93,714	89,162
Sarvabad	54,832	49,841	44,940
Totals for province	1,440,156	1,492,645	1,603,011

• 2006 population included in figure for Qorveh County, from which it was split off in 2007.

Economy

The major activities of the inhabitants are agriculture and modern livestock farming. Wheat, barley, grains and fruits are the major agricultural products. The chemical, metal, textile, leather and food industries are the main industrial activities in this province. This province has one of the largest rates of unemployment in Iran. According to Iranian statistics, more than twenty thousand people depend on being a kolbar for sustenance.[10]

Colleges and universities

• Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
  • Tohid Medical Center
• University of Kurdistan
• Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj

See also

• Hajar Khatoon Mosque
• Uramanat Villages
• Iranian Kurdistan
• Kurdistan
• Kurdistan (disambiguation)

References

External links

• Kordestan Province Cultural Heritage Organization
• Pālangān under snow - some photographs

На других языках

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[de] Kurdistan (Provinz)

Die Provinz Kurdistan oder Kordestān, auch Kordestan (persisch استان کردستان Ostān-e Kordestān, kurdisch .mw-parser-output .Arab a,.mw-parser-output a bdi.Arab{text-decoration:none!important}.mw-parser-output .Arab{font-size:120%}کوردستان .mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}Kurdistan), ist eine der 31 Provinzen des Iran. Es ist Teil des kurdischen Siedlungsgebietes und sollte nicht mit dem gleichnamigen größeren geographischen Gebiet Kurdistan verwechselt werden.

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- [en] Kurdistan province

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