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Saharsa is a city in the Saharsa District in the eastern part of the state of Bihar, India. It is situated near the eastern banks of the Kosi River. It serves as the administrative headquarters for Saharsa District and is also the Divisional Headquarter of the Kosi Division.

This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Saharsa district.

Saharsa
Saharsa city
City
Saharsa
Matasyagandha Mandir
Saharsa
Location in Bihar, India
Coordinates: 25.88°N 86.6°E / 25.88; 86.6
Country India
StateBihar
RegionMithila
DistrictSaharsa
Government
 • TypeSMC | Saharsa Municipal Corporation
Area
 • Total179.8 km2 (69.4 sq mi)
 • Rank2nd in Bihar
Elevation
41 m (135 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total216,491
 • Density1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialMaithili
 • Additional officialEnglish[1]
 • RegionalHindi
 • OtherThēthi-Maithili
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
852201-852154-852221-852127 (Saharsa)[2]
Telephone code916478
ISO 3166 codeIN-BR
Vehicle registrationBR-19
Sex ratio933 females per 1000 males ♂/♀
Vidhan Sabha constituencySaharsa
Websitesaharsa.bih.nic.in

The name Saharsa originates from the Sanskrit word Saharsha meaning 'laden with joy'. The city has a significant number of Maithili speakers. Alongside Maithili, Hindi is widely understood and spoken.


History


Saharsa is part of the Mithila region,[3] which first gained prominence after settlement by Indo-Aryan tribes that established the Mithila Kingdom (also known as the Kingdom of the Videhas).[4] During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Videhas developed as one of the major political and cultural centres of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Videhas Kingdom were referred to as Janakas.[5]

The Videha Kingdom was later incorporated into the Vajjika League, which had its capital in the city Vaishali, which is also located in Mithila.[6]


Economy



Agriculture


Paddy Plantations near Saharsa city, Koshi Anchal, Bihar region
Paddy Plantations near Saharsa city, Koshi Anchal, Bihar region

It is a major producer of best quality of Corn and Makhana in India. From Saharsa corn and Makhana are exported abroad countries like America, Australia, France, Japan, England. Every year 2 lakhs tonnes of corn are exported to different countries and similarly Makhana also. The following crops are grown in the region; Makhana ,[7] rice, mangoes, litchi, bamboo, mustard, corn, wheat and sugarcane. Apple Ber, Sagwan or Teak Tectona Grandis trees are now grown on a large scale.


Air Transport


Darbhanga Airport is the nearest operational airport roughly 97 km away via road. Spicejet and Indigo is currently has any flights from Darbhanga to different metropolitan cities like Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad. Rajbiraj Airport is the nearest operational airport roughly 102 km away and can be easily accessed via Kunauli border cross. Shree Airlines operates daily flights between Rajbiraj and Kathmandu.[8]


Geography


Saharsa is located at 25.88°N 86.6°E / 25.88; 86.6.[9] It has an average elevation of 41 metres (134 feet). Saharsa and its surrounding areas occupy a flat alluvial plain forming part of the Kosi river basin. The city lies in the Kosi alluvial megafan, one of the largest alluvial fans in the world. The land is very fertile but frequent changes in the course of the Kosi, one of the largest tributaries of the Ganges,[10][11] have led to the problems associated with soil erosion. Flooding is a major reason for the poor connectivity of the area; bridges are often washed away. Major flooding occurs almost annually, causing a significant loss of life and property.[12]


Rivers


Water Logging in the Town, Saharsa
Water Logging in the Town, Saharsa
Rajwanshi Nagar, Koshi CHowk, Saharsa (Koshi Division), Bihar
Rajwanshi Nagar, Koshi CHowk, Saharsa (Koshi Division), Bihar

The Koshi River and its tributaries flood annually, affecting about 21,000 km2 (8,100 sq mi) of fertile agricultural lands and affecting the rural economy. This is the most devastating river of Bihar, earning it the epithet "Sorrow of Bihar".[13]

The Bagmati River regularly breaches its embankments and frequently changes its meandering courses. The annual rate of deposition of alluvium is very high.[citation needed]. The Gandak River also flows through the southern part of Saharsa.


Demographics


In 2011, Saharsa had population of 1,897,102, of which male and female were 995,502 and 901,600 respectively. There was change of 25.79 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Saharsa District recorded increase of 33.03 percent to its population compared to 1991.

The initial provisional data suggest a density of 1,125 in 2011 compared to 895 of 2001. Total area under Saharsa district is of about 1,686 square kilometres (651 sq mi).

Average literacy rate of Saharsa in 2011 were 54.57 compared to 39.08 of 2001. Male and female literacy were 65.22 and 42.73 respectively. For 2001 census, the same figures stood at 51.66 and 25.27 in Saharsa District. Total literate in Saharsa District were 829,206 of which male and female were 521,560 and 307,646 respectively. In 2001, Saharsa District had 465,577 in its total region.

The sex ratio in Saharsa stood at 906 female per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 910. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate.[14]



See also: List of National Highways in India

Saharsa Junction is a railway station under the East Central Railway. Saharsa Junction covers up to Purnia Junction, Forbesganj Station and Khagaria Junction. It is an A category railway station under Samastipur railway division. This railway junction has been certified as ISO:14001:2015 for environmental management. Saharsa Junction is one of the top 50 rail ticket booking station in India and top 3 rail ticket booking station in ECR. In early 2005, a much-awaited broad gauge line connected it to Khagaria on the New Delhi-Guwahati main line. Earlier there was only a metre gauge line on the Khagaria – Mansi – Forbesganj section of the East Central Railway. Saharsa is directly connected to New Delhi, Sealdah, Kolkata, Amritsar, Bandra and Ranchi via Train.

Saharsa is well connected to the other parts of Bihar. Center government of India has selected Saharsa as the Highway hub of the state. Recently Central Government has approved 4 National Highway of four lanes and 1 six lane Expressway

Saharsa - Purnia 4 lane Highway (NH107)

Saharsa - Supaul 4 lane Highway (NH327E)

Saharsa - Madhubani 4 lane Highway (NH527E)

Gorakhpur - Siliguri 6 lane Expressway

NH527E is having the longest River bridge of India. The Length bridge is 10 km. This Highway is also connects Saharsa to Paradip sea Port via Darbhanga, Samastipur, Barh, Hazaribagh, Keonjhar to Paradip sea port.

Saharsa does not have an air transport service, though there is an airstrip reserved for government use. Darbhanga Airport is the nearest domestic airport roughly 88 km away by road. The city is also served by India Post. Its Postal Code is: 852201.


Educational Institutes





Notable people



See also



References


  1. "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  2. "Pin Codes of Saharsa, Bihar, India, Saharsa Pincode Search". indiapincodes.net.
  3. Jha, Makhan (1997). Anthropology of Ancient Hindu Kingdoms: A Study in Civilizational Perspective. ISBN 9788175330344.
  4. Michael Witzel (1989), Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes ed. Caillat, Paris, pages 13, 17 116–124, 141–143
  5. Witzel, M. (1989). "Tracing the Vedic dialects". In Caillat, C. (ed.). Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes. Paris: Fondation Hugot. pp. 141–143.
  6. Hemchandra, R. (1972). Political History of Ancient India. Calcutta: University of Calcutta.
  7. http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/Lake2002abs/ses124.html
  8. "Rajbiraj Airport to resume its flight services from May 8 as Shree Airline prepares for flight operation". 24 April 2019.
  9. "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Saharsa, India". www.fallingrain.com.
  10. "Kosi river, India".
  11. "Himal South Asian-August-2000". Archived from the original on 25 June 2007. Retrieved 30 October 2006.
  12. "Bihar Flood".
  13. "Geo_Plate_F-19.HTML". Archived from the original on 29 September 2006. Retrieved 30 October 2006.
  14. An official Census detail of Saharsa, a district of Bihar has been released by Directorate of Census Operations in Bihar. Enumeration of key persons was also done by census officials in Saharsa District of Bihar.
  15. [ Benevolent Global Public School]
  16. Delhi Public School
  17. "EKLAVYA CENTRAL SCHOOL | *Passion* *Creativity* *Discovery*".
  18. Indian High School saharsa
  19. "JAY PRATAP SINGH PUBLIC SCHOOL Saharsa – An Endeavour for Enlightenment and Enrichment. CBSE based English medium school in Saharsa, Bihar".
  20. "kvsahars - Just another WordPress site".
  21. Master Mind Public School
  22. Shanti Mission Academy
  23. "SRM School, Saharsa, Bihar". srm-school-saharsa-bihar.business.site.
  24. "pg slot ทางเข้า สล็อตออนไลน์ตลอด 24 ชั่วโมง – stxavierssaharsa.com".

На других языках

[de] Saharsa

Saharsa (Hindi .mw-parser-output .Deva{font-size:120%}@media all and (min-width:800px){.mw-parser-output .Deva{font-size:calc(120% - ((100vw - 800px)/80))}}@media all and (min-width:1000px){.mw-parser-output .Deva{font-size:100%}}सहरसा) ist eine Stadt im indischen Bundesstaat Bihar.
- [en] Saharsa

[ru] Сахарса

Сахарса (англ. Saharsa, хинди सहरसा) — город на востоке центральной части штата Бихар, Индия. Административный центр округа Сахарса (округ)Сахарса.


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