world.wikisort.org - IndiaThe Mahakuta group of temples is located in Mahakuta, a village in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka state, India. It is an important place of worship for Hindus and the location of a well-known Shaiva monastery. The temples are dated to the 6th or 7th century CE and were constructed by the early kings of the Chalukya dynasty of Badami. The dating of the temples is based on the style of architecture which is similar to that of the temples in nearby Aihole[1] and the information in two notable inscriptions in the complex: the Mahakuta Pillar inscription dated between 595–602 CE (written in the Sanskrit language and Kannada script);[2] and an inscription of Vinapoti, a concubine of king Vijayaditya, dated between 696–733 CE and written in the Kannada language and script.[3]
Village in Karnataka, India
Mahakuta
Mahakoota |
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 Mallikarjuna temple (at rear), a dravida style temple at Mahakuta |
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Coordinates: 15°55′58″N 75°43′18″E |
Country | India |
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State | Karnataka |
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District | Bagalkot |
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• Official | Kannada |
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Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
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Nearest city | Badami |
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Basic plan
The Karnataka artisans of the 7th century achieved a certain eclectism in their architecture by building south Indian dravida style temples adjacent to north Indian nagara style temples.[4] Further, their dravida and nagara styles were local, indigenous variants and unrelated to the architectural styles that prevailed in modern Tamil Nadu to the south, and Central India ("Madhyadesha") to the north.[5] They achieved this by combining the basic plan of one style with characteristics of the other. The dravida style temples here have a tiered tower over the shrine which is capped with a dome like structure. The nagara style temples use a curvilinear tower over a shrine which has a square plan, and is capped by a ribbed stone.[4] The development of this hybrid style, achieved by combining the typological features of the two basic architectural styles, is considered a peculiarity of the Karnataka region and defines the beginnings of the Vesara style of architecture.[6]
A natural mountain spring flows within the temple complex and feeds fresh water into a large tank called the Vishnu Pushkarni ("Lotus pool of god Vishnu") and an ablution tank called Papavinasha Tirtha ("Tank of Ablution"). Among the several shrines in the complex, the Mahakuteshvara temple, built in the dravida style, and the Mallikarjuna temple are the largest. There is a small shrine in the centre of the Vishnu Pushkarni tank and in it is a Shiva linga (universal symbol of god Shiva) called Panchamukha linga ("five faced linga"), one face for each direction and one on top.[1]
Inscriptions
The Mahakuta complex has provided historians two important 7th century inscriptions. The Mahakuta Pillar inscription,[7] dated variously between 595–602 CE records a grant made by Durlabhadevi, a queen of Pulakeshin I (the father of king Mangalesha). The queen supplemented an earlier grant with an endowment of ten villages, including Pattadakal and Aihole to god Mahkuteshvara Natha. In addition, the inscription provides important information about the Chalukyan lineage, their military expeditions, their conquests and early monuments.[2] The pillar goes by the name Dharma-jayastambha ("Pillar of victory of religion") and is on exhibition at a Bijapur archaeological museum.[3] The other inscription, ascribed to Vinapoti, king Vijayaditya's concubine, is inscribed in the porch of the Mahakuteshvara temple. It describes a grant of rubies and a silver umbrella to the deity Mahakuteshvara in addition to a piece of land.[3]
Gallery
Vishnu temple with nagara superstructure (left) and a shrine with Kadamba superstructure (right) at Mahakuta
Mahakuteshvara temple (painted white) in the dravida style (rear) and Sangameshvara temple in nagara style (front)
Sangameshvara temple with nagara superstructure at Mahakuta
7th century Kannada inscription of Vinapoti, concubine of Badami Chalukya King Vijayaditya
Sculpture of Ardhanareeshvara (form of the Hindu god Shiva) at the Mahakuta temples
Mahakuta temple tank
See also
- Aihole
- Badami Cave Temples
- Badami Chalukya Architecture
- Banashankari Amma Temple at Cholachagudd
- Pattadakal
Notes
- Cousens (1926), p. 51
- The Mahakuta Pillar and Its Temples, p. 253, Carol Radcliffe Bolon
- Cousens (1926), p. 52
- Sinha (2000), p. 34
- Sinha (2000), p. 35
- Sinha (2000), p. 38
- "The Mahakuta Pillar and Its Temples". 41: 253–268. JSTOR 3249519.
External links
References
- Cousens, Henry (1996) [1926]. The Chalukyan Architecture of Kanarese Districts. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India. OCLC 37526233.
- Sinha, Ajay (2000) [2000]. Imagining Architects: Creativity in the Religious Monuments of India. Delaware: University of Delaware Press. ISBN 978-0-87413-684-5.
- "The Mahakuta Pillar and Its Temples, Carol Radcliffe Bolon". JSTOR 3249519.
- Karnataka State Gazetteer 1983.
Historical Places in Karnataka |
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- Amrutesvara Temple, Amruthapura
- Ananthasayana temple
- Anekere
- Annapoorneshwari Temple
- Annigeri
- Antara Gange
- Avani, Kolar
- Badami Cave Temples
- Balligavi
- Banashankari Amma Temple
- Banashankari Temple, Amargol
- Banavasi
- Bankapura
- Begur, Bangalore
- Brahmeshvara Temple, Kikkeri
- Bucesvara Temple, Koravangala
- Bhoganidishvara, Chikkaballapur district
- Bhutanatha group
- Chamundeshwari Temple
- Chamundeswari Temple
- Chandramouleshwara Temple
- Chaudayyadanapura
- Cheluvanarayana Swamy Temple
- Chennakesava Temple
- Chennakeshava Temple, Aralaguppe
- Chennakesava Temple, Somanathapura
- Chitrapur Math
- Chowdeshwari Temple
- Devarayana Durga
- Dharmaraya Swamy Temple
- Dharmasthala Temple
- Dodda Ganeshana Gudi
- Doddabasappa Temple Dambal
- Durga temple, Aihole
- Gadag-Betigeri
- Kalakaleshwara Temple Gajendragad
- Galaganatha
- Gaurishvara Temple, Yelandur
- Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple
- Godachi
- Gokarnanatheshwara Temple
- Halasi
- Halasuru Someshwara Temple
- Hangal
- Harihareshwara Temple
- Panchalingewara Temple Hooli
- Hoysaleswara Temple
- Hulimavu cave Temple
- Ganesha Temple, Idagunji
- Ikkeri
- Ishvara Temple, Arasikere
- Itagi Bhimambika
- Kadri Manjunath Temple
- Kaitabheshvara Temple, Kubatur
- Kalasa
- Kalghatgi
- Kalikamba Temple
- Kalleshvara Temple, Ambali
- Kalleshvara Temple, Aralaguppe
- Kalleshvara Temple, Bagali]
- Kalleshwara Temple, Hire Hadagali
- Kamala Narayana Temple Belagavi
- Kanakagiri
- Karighatta temple
- Karikanamma
- Kasivisvesvara Temple, Lakkundi
- Kedareswara temple, Halebidu
- Kedareshvara Temple, Balligavi
- Keladi
- Keshava Temple
- Kodlamane Shree Vishnumurthy Temple
- Kodandarama Temple
- Koodli
- Kote Venkataramana Temple
- Kotilingeshwara
- Krauncha Giri
- Kudalasangama
- Kudroli Bhagavathi
- Kukke Subramanya Temple
- Kuknur
- Kumara Swamy Devasthana, Bangalore
- Kundgol
- Kurudumale
- Kuruvathi Basaveshwara temple
- Lad Khan Temple
- Lakkundi
- Lakshmeshwar
- Lakshmi Devi Temple, Doddagaddavalli
- Lakshmi Narasimha Temple, Bhadravati
- Lakshminarasimha Temple, Haranhalli
- Lakshminarasimha Temple, Javagal
- Lakshmi Narasimha Temple, Nuggehalli
- Lakshminarayana Temple, Hosaholalu
- Mahabaleshwar Temple, Gokarna
- Maha Ganapathi Mahammaya Temple
- Mahadeva Temple, Itagi
- Mahakuta group of temples
- Mallikarjuna Temple, Basaralu
- Mallikarjuna Temple, Kuruvatti
- Mandarthi
- Mangaladevi Temple
- Maranakatte
- Mariyamma Temple
- Melukote
- Mookambika Temple, Kollur
- Mudukuthore
- Mundkur Sri Durgaparameshwari Temple
- Murudeshwara
- Mylara Lingeshwara Temple
- Nandi Temple
- Nagamangala
- Nageshvara-Chennakeshava Temple complex, Mosale
- Navalinga Temple
- Narasimha Jhira Cave Temple, Bidar
- Nellitheertha Cave Temple
- Padutirupathi
- Panchalingeshwara temple, Govindanahalli
- Pattadakal
- Polali Rajarajeshwari Temple
- Ragigudda Anjaneya Temple
- Rameshvara Temple, Narasamangala
- Ranganathaswamy Temple, Bangalore
- Sadasiva Temple
- Saundatti
- Sharana Basaveshwara Temple
- Shree Vishnumurthy Temple
- Shri Vinayaka Shankaranarayana Durgamba Temple
- Sringeri
- Sringeri Sharadamba Temple
- Siddhesvara Temple Haveri
- Srikanteshwara Temple, Nanjangud
- Sirsangi Kalika Temple
- Kolar Someshwara Temple
- Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Shivanasamudra
- Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangapatna
- Sri Vinayaka Temple, Guddattu
- Sudi
- Talagunda
- Talakad
- Tamboor
- Temples in Tulunadu
- Temples of North Karnataka
- Thirunarayanapuram
- Timmalapura
- Trikuteshwara Temple Gadag
- Tripurantaka Temple
- Turuvekere
- Udupi Sri Krishna Matha
- Veera Narayana Temple, Belavadi
- Vijayanarayana Temple, Gundlupet
- Virupaksha Temple
- Western Chalukya temples
- Yediyur Siddhalingeshwara Swamy Temple
- Yelluru Shri Vishweshwara Temple
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Badami Chalukyas | |
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Western Chalukya | |
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Rashtrakuta | |
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Kadamba dynasty | |
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Vijayanagara Empire | |
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Bijapur Sultanate | |
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Bidar Sultanate | |
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Bahamani Sultanate | |
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Princely states | |
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Cities and towns | |
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Taluks |
- Badami
- Bagalkot
- Bilgi
- Hungund
- Jamakhandi
- Mudhol
- Ilakal
- Guledgud
- Rabakavi-Banahatti
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Tourist places | |
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Culture and history |
- Ranna
- Badami Chalukyas
- Basavanna
- Ilkal saree
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See also: List of villages in Bagalkot district |
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