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Sospel (French pronunciation: ​[sɔspɛl]; Mentonasc: Sospèl, Italian Sospello) is a commune (municipality) and former schismatic episcopal seat (1381-1418) in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France near the Italian border and not far from Monte Carlo.

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (December 2008) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Sospel]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|fr|Sospel}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Sospel
Commune
A view of Sospel, with the River Bévéra flowing beneath the old bridge
Coat of arms
Location of Sospel
Sospel Show map of France Sospel Show map of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Coordinates: 43°52′41″N 7°26′57″E
Country	France
Region	Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Department	Alpes-Maritimes
Arrondissement	Nice
Canton	Contes
Intercommunality	CA Riviera Française
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Jean-Mario Lorenzi[1]
Area 1	62.39 km2 (24.09 sq mi)
Population  (Jan. 2019)[2]	3,805
• Density	61/km2 (160/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	06136 /06380
Elevation	257–1,737 m (843–5,699 ft) (avg. 354 m or 1,161 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

History and remains

The town dates back to the 5th century, when it served as an important staging post on the royal road from Nice to Turin. Its main monument is the former cathedral.

• The old toll bridge used by travellers to cross the Bévéra, built in the 13th century, still stands. It was bombed by the Germans during World War II to prevent contact between the French Resistance ("The Maquis") and the Italians. Much of the town was destroyed. Renovated after World War II it now houses the tourist office.
• The ruins of a tower, part of a château (residential castle) belonging to the counts of Provence, are all that remain of the 14th century city walls.

Ecclesiastical history

During the Western Schism, the Diocese of Ventimiglia (Vintimille in French) was split : the canonical bishop, still residing in Ventimiglia, obedient to the Pope in Rome, controlled the territories dependent of the Italian dogal Republic of Genoa, but an uncanonical line of rival anti-bishops (1381-1418), obedient to the Antipope of Avignon, established their schismatical see 'of Ventimiglia' in Sospel(lo), with sway over the diocese's 'French' territories dependent on the County of Savoy and the lordship of Tende.

Suffragan anti-bishops of (Ventimiglia at) Sospel(lo)

• Bertrando Imberti, Friars Minor (O.F.M. (2 December 1381 – death 1386)
• Pietro Marinaco, O.F.M. (27 August 1392 – 4 September 1409), next Bishop of Famagosta (on Cyprus, now a titular see as Famagusta)
• Bartolomeo de Giudici (22 June 1408 – deposed 1412 - death 1418)

After Ventimiglia's diocesan authority was restored in 1412 as the jurisdiction now known as the Diocese of Ventimiglia-San Remo, Sospel was assigned to what is now the Diocese of Nice, France, and its former cathedral was demoted to simple church.

Population

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 2,453 —     1800 2,990 +2.87% 1806 3,307 +1.69% 1822 3,620 +0.57% 1838 4,394 +1.22% 1848 4,437 +0.10% 1858 3,818 −1.49% 1861 3,936 +1.02% 1866 3,912 −0.12% 1872 3,547 −1.62% 1876 3,465 −0.58% 1881 3,425 −0.23% 1886 3,695 +1.53% 1891 3,887 +1.02% 1896 3,756 −0.68% 1901 3,570 −1.01% 1906 3,768 +1.09%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1911 3,529 −1.30% 1921 3,361 −0.49% 1926 3,070 −1.79% 1931 3,705 +3.83% 1936 3,815 +0.59% 1946 2,156 −5.55% 1954 2,181 +0.14% 1962 2,321 +0.78% 1968 2,582 +1.79% 1975 1,828 −4.81% 1982 2,171 +2.49% 1990 2,592 +2.24% 1999 2,885 +1.20% 2007 3,514 +2.50% 2012 3,568 +0.31% 2017 3,831 +1.43%
Source: EHESS[3] and INSEE (1968-2017)[4]

Climate

Under the Köppen system, Sospel features an oceanic climate (Cfb) with warm-summer mediterranean climate (Csb) influences. Influenced by its low altitude, Sospel experiences light frosts in winter and cool nights during the summer.

Sospel in fiction

• The town of Sospel is mentioned in Daphne du Maurier's novel Rebecca, when Max de Winter declines an invitation from annoying social climber Mrs. Van Hopper on the excuse that he is driving to Sospel that day.
• In 1909 it was described in Gaston Leroux's novel, The Perfume of the Lady in Black (p. 151), as

"a picturesque little city lost between the last counterforces of the Alps, two hours and half from Mentone by coach... It is one of the most retired and quietest corners of France, the most dreaded by revenue officers and by the Alpine hunters. But the road which leads to it is one of the most beautiful in the world."

• Sospel is a setting in the 1977 mystery novel All Roads to Sospel by George Bellairs.

See also

• List of Catholic dioceses in France
• List of medieval bridges in France
• Communes of the Alpes-Maritimes department

References

Sources and external links

• GCatholic - former (anti-)bishopric
• GCatholic, with Google satellite photo-map - St.Michael's church, the former Sospel cathedral

На других языках

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[de] Sospel

Sospel (provenzalisch Sospèu, italienisch Sospello) ist eine französische Gemeinde mit 3.805 Einwohnern (Stand 1. Januar 2019) im Département Alpes-Maritimes in der Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. Die Stadt liegt auf etwa 350 m Höhe am Rand des Mercantour-Nationalparks am französischen Zweig der Tendabahn und wird vom Fluss Bévéra durchflossen. Sospel befindet sich ungefähr 20 Kilometer nördlich von Menton.

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- [en] Sospel

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[es] Sospel

Sospel es una población y comuna francesa, en la región de Provenza-Alpes-Costa Azul, departamento de Alpes Marítimos, en el distrito de Niza. Es el chef-lieu del cantón de Sospel.

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[ru] Соспель

Соспе́ль (фр. Sospel, итал. Sospello) — коммуна на юго-востоке Франции в регионе Прованс — Альпы — Лазурный берег, департамент Приморские Альпы, округ Ницца, кантон Конт[1]. До 2015 года коммуна являлась административным центром одноимённого кантона.

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