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Kraslice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkraslɪtsɛ]; German: Graslitz) is a town in Sokolov District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,500 inhabitants. It was a large and important town until the World War II. It is known for manufacture of musical instruments.

Kraslice
Town
Town hall
Flag
Coat of arms
Kraslice
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 50°19′45″N 12°30′31″E
Country Czech Republic
RegionKarlovy Vary
DistrictSokolov
First mentioned1272
Government
 • MayorJan Šimek
Area
 • Total81.33 km2 (31.40 sq mi)
Elevation
514 m (1,686 ft)
Population
 (2022-01-01)[1]
 • Total6,537
 • Density80/km2 (210/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
358 01
Websitewww.kraslice.cz

Administrative parts


General view of the town
General view of the town

Town parts and villages of Černá, Čirá, Hraničná, Kámen, Kostelní, Krásná, Liboc, Mlýnská, Počátky, Sklená, Sněžná, Tisová, Valtéřov and Zelená Hora are administrative parts of Kraslice.


Etymology


The roots of the name derive from the medieval German Graz, meaning "trimmed conifer twigs". The name Graslitz was then a diminutive of the word Graz. The Czech name Kraslice is a transliteration of the German name and also literally means "blown easter egg".[2]


Geography


Kraslice is situated about 18 kilometres (11 mi) north of Sokolov and 26 km (16 mi) northwest of Karlovy Vary. It lies on the border with Germany, adjacent to the German town of Klingenthal. It is situated on the Svatava River in the western part of the Ore Mountains. The highest point is the mountain Počátecký vrch, at 819 metres (2,687 ft) above sea level.

Kraslice lies in an area known for swarm type seismic activity. The last strong earthquake swarm was in 1986.[3]


History


Municipal slaughterhouse
Municipal slaughterhouse

The area was settled by German monks from Waldsassen Abbey in the 12th and 13th centuries. In the mid-13th century, a guard castle was built here and settlements were established around it. The first written mention of Kraslice is from 1272, when King Ottokar II of Bohemia donated it to Jindřich the Elder of Plavno. During the rule of the lords of Plavno in the 14th century, tin, lead and silver mining has developed in the area, and Kraslice became a prosperous settlement. In 1370, it was promoted by Charles IV to a royal town.[4]

At the beginning of the 15th century, Kraslice became the seat of the robber knights, and in 1412 the town was looted by the army, which aimed to rid the region of robbers. The town did not recover until 1527, when it was acquired by Jeroným Schlick and made it a free mining town. Ore mining in the vicinity of Kraslice has been declining since the 17th century. From 1666 to 1848, the town was owned by the Nostic family. Mining was replaced by folk crafts, the textile industry, and the manufacture of musical instruments and toys. In 1886, the railway was built.[4]

From 1938 to 1945 it was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of Reichsgau Sudetenland. In 1944 a women's subcamp of Flossenbürg concentration camp was established here. The German-speaking population was expelled in 1945 and the town was resettled with Czechs.[4]


Demographics


Historical population
YearPop.±%
186912,006—    
188014,176+18.1%
189017,147+21.0%
190019,264+12.3%
191022,418+16.4%
YearPop.±%
192120,419−8.9%
193022,310+9.3%
19507,383−66.9%
19617,617+3.2%
19707,128−6.4%
YearPop.±%
19807,371+3.4%
19917,604+3.2%
20017,273−4.4%
20116,695−7.9%
20216,306−5.8%
Source: Censuses[5][6]

Economy


Kraslice is known for the AMATI company, a manufacturer of musical instruments. The tradition of this manufacture dates back to 1631.[4][7]


Transport


The town lies on railway line from Sokolov to Klingenthal. Passenger services are provided by the railway company of GW Train Regio.


Sights


Church of the Corpus Cristi
Church of the Corpus Cristi

The landmark of the town centre is the Church of the Corpus Cristi. It was built in the neo-Romanesque style in 1893–1896 and replaced a dilapidated church from 1619. It is a three-aisled basilica with a prominent tower. [8]

Municipal slaughterhouse is a unique complex of Art Nouveau buildings, created in 1904. It is protected as a technical and cultural monument. Today it is privately owned and gradually reconstructed.[9]


Notable people



Twin towns – sister cities


See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic

Kraslice is twinned with:[10]


References


  1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2022". Czech Statistical Office. 2022-04-29.
  2. "KRASLICE – část druhá" (in Czech). Czech Radio. 2004-04-13. Retrieved 2022-07-26.
  3. Nehybka, V; Skácelová, Z (2000). "Results of seismological measurements by the Kraslice network in the period 1991–1998". Exploration Geophysics, Remote Sensing and Environment. 7 (1–2): 18–28.
  4. "Historie města Kraslic" (in Czech). Město Kraslice. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  5. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Sokolov" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 5–6.
  6. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  7. "About Us". AMATI Kraslice. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  8. "kostel Nejsvětější svátosti oltářní" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2022-07-26.
  9. "Městská jatka" (in Czech). Město Kraslice. Retrieved 2022-07-26.
  10. "Město" (in Czech). Město Kraslice. Retrieved 2022-03-31.


Wikisource has several original texts related to Kraslice.
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На других языках

[de] Kraslice

Kraslice (deutsch Graslitz) ist eine zum Bezirk Sokolov der Karlsbader Region gehörende Stadt im Westen Tschechiens. In der Grenzstadt zu Sachsen hat der Musikinstrumentenbau traditionell eine große Bedeutung.
- [en] Kraslice


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