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Mascara (Arabic: معسكر) is the capital city of Mascara Province, Algeria, in northwestern Algeria. It has 150,000 inhabitants (2008 estimate). It was founded in the 10th century by the Banu Ifran, a Berber tribe and was the capital city of Emir Abd al-Qadir, a leader of the Algerian resistance to early French colonial rule.

Mascara
معسكر
City
Mascara City
Mascara
Location in Algeria
Coordinates: 35.4°N 0.133333°E / 35.4; 0.133333
Country Algeria
ProvinceMascara Province
DistrictMascara District
Founded1701
Highest elevation
429 m (1,407 ft)
Lowest elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Population
 (2008 census)
  Total108,629
Time zoneUTC+1 (+1)
Postal code
29000
Historic city flag.
Historic city flag.

Mascara is an administrative, commercial and a market centre. Its trade is mostly centered on leather goods, grains, and olive oil, but it is especially famous for its good wine. It has good road and rail connections with other urban centres of Algeria. Relizane is 65 kilometres (40 miles) northeast, Sidi Bel Abbes 90 km (56 mi) southwest, Oran 105 kkm northwest and Saïda 80 km (50 mi) south.

Mascara has two parts, a newer French area, and an older Muslim one. Large parts of the town lie inside the ruins of its ancient ramparts. The city is home of Lakhdar Belloumi, the former Algerian football (soccer) star.


Etymology


The word mascara is the francisation of the Arabic word معسكر (mouaskar), meaning 'camp'. Due to French colonization at that time, the city's name has adopted the French version as an official name. The cosmetic mascara is unrelated etymologically, being derived from Italian: maschera, masked [citation needed].


Ottoman period


Emir Abd al-Qadir.
Emir Abd al-Qadir.
Grande Mosque
Grande Mosque

French invasion and early French rule



Algeria (sovereign state)



Twin towns/sister cities


Mascara is twinned with:


References


  1. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Oran" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 146.
  2. Benouar, D.; Aoudia, A.; Maouche, S.; Meghraou, M. (1994), "The 18 August 1994 Mascara (Algeria) earthquake—a quick-look report", Terra Nova, 6 (6): 634–638, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.1994.tb00529.x
  3. "Kardeş Şehirler". Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi Basın Koordinasyon Merkez. Tüm Hakları Saklıdır. Retrieved 2013-07-27.

На других языках


[de] Muaskar

Muaskar (arabisch معسكر, DMG Muʿaskar, tamazight ⵎⵄⴻⵙⴽⴻⵔ Mɛesker; früherer Name Mascara) ist eine Stadt in Algerien in der gleichnamigen Provinz am Hobra-Fluss gelegen. Die Stadt hat 108.587 Einwohner (Zensus 2008).[1]
- [en] Mascara, Algeria

[ru] Маскара

Ма́скара[1][2][3] (араб. معسكر‎, фр. Mascara) — город на северо-западе Алжира, административный центр одноимённого вилайета. Расположен на реке Хобра.



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