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The 1st congressional district of New York is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in eastern Long Island. It includes the eastern two-thirds of Suffolk County, including most of Smithtown, as well as the entirety of the towns of Brookhaven, Riverhead, Southold, Southampton, East Hampton, and Shelter Island. The district encompasses extremely wealthy enclaves such as the Hamptons, middle class suburban towns such as Selden, Centereach and Lake Grove, working-class towns such as Mastic, Shirley, and Riverhead and rural farming communities such as Mattituck and Jamesport on the North Fork. The district currently is represented by Republican Lee Zeldin. Zeldin as the 2022 Republican NY gubernatorial candidate is not up for reelection.

New York's 1st congressional district
From 2013 to 2023 From 2023 to 2033 Interactive map of district boundaries (Suffolk County highlighted in red)
Representative	Lee Zeldin R–Shirley
Distribution	94.94% urban 5.06% rural
Population (2021)	738,887[1] [2]
Median household income	$105,268[3]
Ethnicity	75.9% White 13.5% Hispanic 5.0% Black 4.0% Asian 1.2% Two or more races 0.4% other
Cook PVI	R+6[4]

The district has been a swing district since the 1990s and a Republican-leaning seat since the 2010s. President George W. Bush defeated challenger John Kerry by less than a percentage point in 2004, while in 2008 and 2012, Barack Obama won the district by less than 5 points. In 2012, New York underwent redistricting, and the 1st district was slightly modified. In the 2014 election, Zeldin defeated Democratic incumbent Tim Bishop, who had represented the district since 2003. Donald Trump won the district by 12 percentage points over Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election. At the same time, Zeldin won a second term, defeating Democratic challenger Anna-Thone Holst by a margin of 15.6%, the largest margin of victory for a Republican since 1998. In 2018, Zeldin won re-election to a third term, narrowly defeating Democratic challenger Perry Gershon by 4.1%. In 2020, the district shifted back in the Democratic direction, with Trump carrying the district by only four points in the 2020 United States presidential election. In 2022, the district election features Republican candidate Nick LaLota and Democratic nominee Bridget Fleming.

Recent election results in statewide races

Year	Office	Results
1992	President	GHW Bush 40–38%
1996	President	B. Clinton 51–36%
2000	President	Gore 52–44%
2004	President	GW Bush 49–49%[lower-alpha 1]
2008	President	Obama 52–48%
2012	President	Obama 50–49%
2016	President	Trump 54–42%
2020	President	Trump 51–47%

Communities within the district

Components: past and present

1823–1945:

All of Suffolk, Nassau

Parts of Queens

1945–1963:

All of Suffolk

Parts of Nassau

1963–Present:

Parts of Suffolk

List of members representing the district

1789–1813: one seat

Member	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history	District counties
William Floyd	Anti-Administration	March 4, 1789 – March 3, 1791	1st	Elected in 1789. Lost re-election.	1789–1793 Kings Queens Richmond Suffolk
Vacant		March 4, 1791 – May 1791	2nd	Representative-elect James Townsend died May 24, 1790, before his term began.
Thomas Tredwell	Anti-Administration	May 1791 – March 3, 1795	2nd 3rd	Elected April 28, 1791 to finish Townsend's term. Re-elected in 1793. Moved to the 7th district and lost re-election.
					1793–1801 Kings Queens Suffolk
Jonathan Nicoll Havens	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1795 – October 25, 1799	4th 5th 6th	Elected in 1794. Re-elected in 1796. Re-elected in 1798. Died.
Vacant		October 25, 1799 – February 27, 1800	6th
John Smith	Democratic-Republican	February 27, 1800 – February 23, 1804	6th 7th 8th	Elected to finish Havens's term and seated February 27, 1800. Re-elected in 1800. Re-elected in 1802. Resigned.
					1801–1803 Kings Queens Richmond Suffolk
					1803–1809 Queens Suffolk
Vacant		February 23, 1804 – November 5, 1804	8th
Samuel Riker	Democratic-Republican	November 5, 1804 – March 3, 1805		Elected to finish Smith's term. [data unknown/missing]
Eliphalet Wickes	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1805 – March 3, 1807	9th	Elected in 1804. [data unknown/missing]
Samuel Riker	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1807 – March 3, 1809	10th	Elected in 1806. [data unknown/missing]
Ebenezer Sage	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1809 – March 3, 1813	11th 12th	Elected in 1808. Re-elected in 1810.	1809–1813 Kings Queens Suffolk

1813–1823: two seats

From 1809 to 1823, two seats were apportioned, elected at-large on a general ticket.

Years	Cong ress		Seat A				Seat B			Location
			Member	Party	Electoral history		Member	Party	Electoral history
March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1815	13th		John Lefferts	Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1812. [data unknown/missing]		Ebenezer Sage	Democratic-Republican	Re-elected in 1812. [data unknown/missing]	1813–1823 1st and 2nd Ward of New York County, and Kings, Queens, Suffolk and Richmond counties.
March 4, 1815 – March 3, 1817	14th		Henry Crocheron	Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1814. [data unknown/missing]		George Townsend	Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1814
March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1819	15th		Tredwell Scudder	Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1816. Retired.				Re-elected in 1816. [data unknown/missing]
March 4, 1819 – January 14, 1820	16th		Silas Wood	Federalist	Elected in 1818		Vacant		Credentials had been issued for Ebenezer Sage (Dem.-Rep.), but Sage did not take or claim the seat, see 1818 United States House of Representatives elections in New York
January 14, 1820 – March 3, 1821							James Guyon Jr.	Democratic-Republican	Successfully contested the election of Ebenezer Sage. [data unknown/missing]
March 4, 1821 – December 12, 1821	17th				Re-elected in 1821. Became the sole representative from the district in 1823.		Vacant		Credentials had been issued for Peter Sharpe (Dem.-Rep.), but Sharpe did not take or claim the seat, see 1821 United States House of Representatives elections in New York
December 12, 1821 – March 3, 1823							Cadwallader D. Colden	Federalist	Successfully contested the election of Peter Sharpe. [data unknown/missing]

1823–Present: one seat

Member	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history	District location
Silas Wood	Federalist	March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825	18th 19th 20th	Re-elected in 1822. Re-elected in 1824. Re-elected in 1826. Lost re-election.	1823–1833 Queens and Suffolk counties.
	Anti-Jacksonian	March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1829
James Lent	Jacksonian	March 4, 1829 – February 22, 1833	21st 22nd	Elected in 1828. Re-elected in 1830. Died.
Vacant		February 22, 1833 – March 3, 1833	22nd
Abel Huntington	Jacksonian	March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1837	23rd 24th	Elected in 1832. Re-elected in 1834. Lost re-election.	1833–1843 [data unknown/missing]
Thomas B. Jackson	Democratic	March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1841	25th 26th	Elected in 1836. Re-elected in 1838. Retired.
Charles A. Floyd	Democratic	March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1843	27th	Elected in 1840. [data unknown/missing]
Selah B. Strong	Democratic	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845	28th	Elected in 1842. Retired.	1843–1853 [data unknown/missing]
John W. Lawrence	Democratic	March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1847	29th	Elected in 1844. Retired.
Frederick W. Lord	Democratic	March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1849	30th	Elected in 1846. [data unknown/missing]
John Alsop King	Whig	March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1851	31st	Elected in 1848. [data unknown/missing]
John G. Floyd	Democratic	March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853	32nd	Elected in 1850. [data unknown/missing]
James Maurice	Democratic	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855	33rd	Elected in 1852. Retired.	1853–1863 [data unknown/missing]
William Valk	Know Nothing	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	34th	Elected in 1854. Lost re-election.
John A. Searing	Democratic	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859	35th	Elected in 1856. Retired.
Luther C. Carter	Republican	March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1861	36th	Elected in 1858. Lost re-election.
Edward H. Smith	Democratic	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863	37th	Elected in 1860. Retired.
Henry G. Stebbins	Democratic	March 4, 1863 – October 24, 1864	38th	Elected in 1862. Resigned.	1863–1873 [data unknown/missing]
Vacant		October 24, 1864 – December 5, 1864
Dwight Townsend	Democratic	December 5, 1864 – March 3, 1865		Elected to finish Stebbins's term. [data unknown/missing]
Stephen Taber	Democratic	March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1869	39th 40th	Elected in 1864. Re-elected in 1866. [data unknown/missing]
Henry A. Reeves	Democratic	March 4, 1869 – March 3, 1871	41st	Elected in 1868. [data unknown/missing]
Dwight Townsend	Democratic	March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873	42nd	Elected in 1870. [data unknown/missing]
Henry J. Scudder	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875	43rd	Elected in 1872. Retired.	1873–1885 [data unknown/missing]
Henry B. Metcalfe	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877	44th	Elected in 1874. [data unknown/missing]
James W. Covert	Democratic	March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1881	45th 46th	Elected in 1876. Re-elected in 1878. [data unknown/missing]
Perry Belmont	Democratic	March 4, 1881 – December 1, 1888	47th 48th 49th 50th	Elected in 1880. Re-elected in 1882. Re-elected in 1884. Re-elected in 1886. Resigned to become U.S. Minister to Spain.
					1885–1893 Queens County, Richmond County, and Suffolk County[5]
Vacant		December 1, 1888 – March 3, 1889	50th
James W. Covert	Democratic	March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1895	51st 52nd 53rd	Elected in 1888. Re-elected in 1890. Re-elected in 1892. [data unknown/missing]
					1893–1903 Queens County and Suffolk County[6]
Richard C. McCormick	Republican	March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1897	54th	Elected in 1894. Retired.
Joseph M. Belford	Republican	March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1899	55th	Elected in 1896. Retired.
Townsend Scudder	Democratic	March 4, 1899 – March 3, 1901	56th	Elected in 1898. Retired.
Frederic Storm	Republican	March 4, 1901 – March 3, 1903	57th	Elected in 1900. Lost re-election.
Townsend Scudder	Democratic	March 4, 1903 – March 3, 1905	58th	Elected in 1902. Retired.	1903–1913 Queens County (partial), Suffolk County, and Nassau County[7]
William W. Cocks	Republican	March 4, 1905 – March 3, 1911	59th 60th 61st	Elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Lost re-election.
Martin W. Littleton	Democratic	March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1913	62nd	Elected in 1910. Retired.
Lathrop Brown	Democratic	March 4, 1913 – March 3, 1915	63rd	Elected in 1912. Lost re-election.	1913–1933 [data unknown/missing]
Vacant		March 4, 1915 – January 4, 1916	64th	The 1914 election, which was decided by only 10 votes, was tied up in the courts until December 1915.[8]
Frederick C. Hicks	Republican	January 4, 1916 – March 3, 1923	64th 65th 66th 67th	Elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Retired.
Robert L. Bacon	Republican	March 4, 1923 – September 12, 1938	68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd 73rd 74th 75th	Elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Re-elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Died.
					1933–1943 [data unknown/missing]
Vacant		September 12, 1938 – January 3, 1939	75th
Leonard W. Hall	Republican	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1945	76th 77th 78th	Elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Redistricted to the 2nd congressional district.
					1943–1953 [data unknown/missing]
Edgar A. Sharp	Republican	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947	79th	Elected in 1944. Retired.
W. Kingsland Macy	Republican	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1951	80th 81st	Elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Lost re-election.
Ernest Greenwood	Democratic	January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953	82nd	Elected in 1950. Lost re-election.
Stuyvesant Wainwright	Republican	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1961	83rd 84th 85th 86th	Elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Lost re-election.	1953–1963 [data unknown/missing]
Otis G. Pike	Democratic	January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1979	87th 88th 89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th	Elected in 1960. Re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Retired.
					1963–1973 [data unknown/missing]
					1973–1983 [data unknown/missing]
William Carney	Conservative	January 3, 1979 – October 7, 1985	96th 97th 98th 99th	Elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Changed parties. Retired.
	Republican	October 7, 1985 – January 3, 1987			1983–1993 [data unknown/missing]
George J. Hochbrueckner	Democratic	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1995	100th 101st 102nd 103rd	Elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Lost re-election.
					1993–2003 [data unknown/missing]
Michael Forbes	Republican	January 3, 1995 – July 17, 1999	104th 105th 106th	Elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Lost renomination.
	Democratic	July 17, 1999 – January 3, 2001
Felix Grucci	Republican	January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003	107th	Elected in 2000. Lost re-election.
Tim Bishop	Democratic	January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2015	108th 109th 110th 111th 112th 113th	Elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Re-elected in 2012. Lost re-election.	2003–2013
					2013–Present
Lee Zeldin	Republican	January 3, 2015 – Present	114th 115th 116th 117th	Elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Retiring to run for Governor of New York.
Nick LaLota	Republican	January 3, 2023 –	118th	Elected in 2022.

Recent election results

Note that in New York State electoral politics there are numerous minor parties at various points on the political spectrum. Certain parties will invariably endorse either the Republican or Democratic candidate for every office, hence the state electoral results contain both the party votes, and the final candidate votes (Listed as "Recap").

U.S. House of Representatives election, 1996: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Michael P. Forbes (Incumbent)	116,620	54.7
	Democratic	Nora L. Bredes	96,496	45.3
Majority			20,124	9.4
Turnout			213,116	100

U.S. House of Representatives election, 1998: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Michael P. Forbes (Incumbent)	99,460	64.1	9.4
	Democratic	William G. Holst	55,630	35.9	9.4
Majority			43,830	28.3	18.9
Turnout			155,090	100	27.2

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2000: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Felix Grucci	133,020	55.5	8.6
	Democratic	Regina Seltzer	97,299	40.6	4.7
	None	Michael P. Forbes (Incumbent)	6,318	2.6	2.6
	Green	William G. Holst	2,967	1.2	1.2
Majority			35,721	14.9	13.4
Turnout			239,604	100	54.5

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2002: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Timothy H. Bishop	84,276	50.2	9.6
	Republican	Felix Grucci (Incumbent)	81,524	48.6	6.9
	Green	Lorna Salzman	1,991	1.2	0.0
Majority			2,752	1.6	13.3
Turnout			167,791	100	30.0

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2004: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Timothy H. Bishop (Incumbent)	156,354	56.2	6.0
	Republican	William M. Manger, Jr.	121,855	43.8	4.8
Majority			34,499	12.4	10.8
Turnout			278,209	100	65.8

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2006: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Timothy H. Bishop (Incumbent)	104,360	62.2	6.0
	Republican	Italo Zanzi	63,328	37.8	6.0
Majority			41,032	24.5	12.1
Turnout			167,688	100	39.7

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2008: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Timothy H. Bishop (Incumbent)	162,083	58.4	3.8
	Republican	Lee M. Zeldin	115,545	41.6	3.8
Majority			46,538	16.8	7.7
Turnout			277,628	100	65.6

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2010: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Timothy H. Bishop (Incumbent)	98,316	50.2	8.2
	Republican	Randy Altschuler	97,723	49.8	8.2
Majority			593	0.4	16.4
Turnout			196,039	100	29.4

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2012: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Timothy H. Bishop (Incumbent)	132,525	52.2	2.0
	Republican	Randy Altschuler	121,478	47.8	2.0
Majority			11,047	4.3	3.9
Turnout			254,003	100	22.8

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2014: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Lee Zeldin	94,035	53.2	5.4
	Democratic	Timothy H. Bishop (Incumbent)	78,722	44.6	7.6
Majority			15,313	8.6	4.3
Turnout			176,719	100	30.4

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2016: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Lee Zeldin (Incumbent)	188,499	55.2	2.0
	Democratic	Anna Throne-Holst	135,278	39.6	5.0
Majority			53,221	15.6	7.0
Turnout			341,554	100	93.3

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2018: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Lee Zeldin (Incumbent)	139,027	51.5	3.7
	Democratic	Perry Gershon	127,991	47.4	7.8
Majority			12,036	4.1	11.5
Turnout			270,006	100	73.1

U.S. House of Representatives election, 2020: New York District 1

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Lee Zeldin (Incumbent)	205,714	54.86	3.36
	Democratic	Nancy Goroff	169,294	45.14	2.26
Majority			36,420	9.72	5.62
Turnout			375,116	100	38.9

See also

• List of United States congressional districts
• New York's congressional districts
• United States congressional delegations from New York

Notes

References

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
• "House Map 2012". The New York Times. Retrieved November 12, 2012.
• Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
• National atlas congressional maps
• "Our Campaigns - United States - New York - NY - District 01". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved January 27, 2021.

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