Guttenberg (/ˈɡʌtənbɜːrɡ/GUT-ən-burg) is a town in the northern part of Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the town's population was 11,176.[17][18][19] In the 2010 Census, it was the most densely populated incorporated municipality in the United States, as well as one of the most densely populated municipalities worldwide, with 57,116 people per square mile (22,052/km2) of land area.[20] Only four blocks wide, Guttenberg has been variously ranked as the ninth-smallest municipality in the state (based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau)[10][21] or as the state's seventh-smallest municipality (based on data from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection).[22]
The population increased by 369 (+3.4%) from the 10,807 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 2,539 (+30.7%) from the 8,268 counted in the 1990 Census.[23] As of the 2010 Census, almost one-fifth of the town's population resides in the Galaxy Towers, a trio of residential skyscrapers overlooking the Hudson River.[24][25][26]
The current population growth and density in Guttenberg represents a significant change since 1983, when it was described by The New York Times, as "an old community of two-story row houses, small stores and light industry."[27]
History
Further information: North Bergen
Guttenberg was formerly a farm owned by William Cooper, sold in 1853 to a group of New Yorkers, who had formed the Weehawken Land and Ferry Association.[28] Like nearby Union Hill, it was subdivided and lots were sold mostly to Germans. The company ran two ferries, the Hultz and the Flora, which crossed the Hudson from the landings at the foot of Bulls Ferry Road, Pleasant Valley, Fort Lee, and Spring Street in Manhattan.
Guttenberg was formed as a town on March 9, 1859, from portions of North Bergen Township, but remained as a part of the township that was not fully independent. Guttenberg became part of Union Township when it was formed on February 28, 1861, and became fully independent as of April 1, 1878.[29] The municipality takes its name from Johannes Gutenberg, the inventor of the European version of the printing press,[30] though other sources indicate that the name derives from "good village" in German.[31][32]
Galaxy Towers, developed by Prudential Insurance Company, were built in the late 1970s on Boulevard East. The three octagonal skyscrapers rise 415 feet (126m) and contain 1,075 apartments.[33]
Geography
Guttenberg is located atop the Hudson Palisades, south of Woodcliff and the Racetrack Section in North Bergen and north of West New York. To the east the town shares a border the New York City borough of Manhattan (Upper West Side) in the Hudson River.[34][35][36] Its western border is Kennedy Boulevard. Bergenline Avenue, the commercial corridor of North Hudson, runs north and south through the town, and is the heart of "Havana on the Hudson".[37][38]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town had a total area of 0.24 square miles (0.62km2), including 0.19 square miles (0.50km2) of land and 0.05 square miles (0.12km2) of water (20.00%).[1][2] The town is four blocks long, and takes less than a minute to drive through.[27]
The 2010 United States census counted 11,176 people, 4,473 households, and 2,684 families in the town. The population density was 57,116.0 per square mile (22,052.6/km2). There were 4,839 housing units at an average density of 24,730.2 per square mile (9,548.4/km2). The racial makeup was 67.44% (7,537) White, 4.80% (537) Black or African American, 0.91% (102) Native American, 7.32% (818) Asian, 0.04% (4) Pacific Islander, 14.25% (1,593) from other races, and 5.23% (585) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 64.83% (7,245) of the population.[17]
Of the 4,473 households, 27.5% had children under the age of 18; 37.6% were married couples living together; 15.4% had a female householder with no husband present and 40.0% were non-families. Of all households, 32.5% were made up of individuals and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.12.[17]
20.5% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 34.7% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.4 years. For every 100 females, the population had 95.4 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 93.0 males.[17]
The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $49,981 (with a margin of error of +/− $8,219) and the median family income was $53,945 (+/− $9,457). Males had a median income of $50,227 (+/− $8,459) versus $32,089 (+/− $6,483) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $33,239 (+/− $8,416). About 14.8% of families and 16.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.7% of those under age 18 and 11.8% of those age 65 or over.[46]
2000 Census
As of the 2000 United States Census[14] there were 10,807 people, 4,493 households, and 2,619 families residing in the town. The population density was 56,012.0 inhabitants per square mile (21,961.1/km2; 87.5 per acre), making it the most densely populated municipality in The United States, with over twice the density of New York City.[47] There were 4,650 housing units at an average density of 24,100.7 per square mile (9,449.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 64.98% White, 3.81% African American, 0.38% Native American, 7.30% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 16.42% from other races, and 7.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 54.33% of the population.[44][45]
There were 4,493 households, out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.3% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.7% were non-families. 35.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.13.[44][45]
In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.2% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 36.9% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.[44][45]
The median income for a household in the town was $44,515, and the median income for a family was $47,440. Males had a median income of $38,628 versus $33,154 for females. The per capita income for the town was $27,931. About 11.1% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.7% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.[44][45]
The town is a bedroom community with about 36% of its employed residents working in New York City, including 1,648 of the 4,993 Guttenberg residents in the workforce who commute to employment in Manhattan as of the 2000 Census.[48]
Economy
Portions of the town are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone (UEZ), one of 32 zones covering 37 municipalities statewide. Guttenberg was selected in 1996 as one of a group of seven zones added to participate in the program.[49] In addition to other benefits to encourage employment and investment within the UEZ, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3.3125% sales tax rate (half of the 6+5⁄8% rate charged statewide) at eligible merchants.[50] Established in May 1996, the city's Urban Enterprise Zone status expires in May 2027.[51] Areas included in the Guttenberg UEZ are:[52]
Bergenline Avenue – 68th Street to 71st Street
Park Avenue – 68th Street to 71st Street
70th Street – Park Avenue to Bergenline Avenue
69th Street – Park Avenue to Boulevard East
69th Street to 71st Street – Boulevard East
70th Street to 71st Street – Broadway
Government
Local government
Guttenberg operates under the Town form of New Jersey municipal government. The town is one of nine municipalities (of the 564) statewide that use this traditional form of government.[53] The governing body is comprised of the Mayor and the five-member Township Council, all elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. The mayor is elected directly by the voters. Town council members are elected to four-year terms on a staggered basis, with two seats up for election in one year and three seats together with the mayoral seat up for election in the following year, followed by two years with no elections.[3]
As of 2022[update], the Mayor of Guttenberg is Democrat Wayne D. Zitt Jr., whose term of office ends December 31, 2025. Members of the Guttenberg Town Council are Richard Delafuente (D, 2025), Monica Fundora (D, 2025), John D. Habermann (D, 2025), William Hokien (D, 2022) and Juana Malave (D, 2022).[4][54][55][56][57]
In December 2015, Wayne Zitt was selected from three candidates nominated by the Democratic municipal committee to fill the vacant seat expiring in December 2017 of Efrain Velez, who resigned earlier that month.[58]
Political scandals
Political scandals in the 21st century have included the 2008 convictions of then-mayor David Delle Donna and his wife, a member of the town planning board, on federal extortion and mail fraud charges, for which they were each sentenced to four years in federal prison.[59] A former mayor, Peter LaVilla, pleaded guilty in 2003 to misappropriating campaign funds and using the money for a private brokerage account. In addition, a councilman resigned in 2002 after being accused of receiving illegal advances on his salary, and the same year, a chief financial officer, pleaded guilty to misappropriation of funds.[60]
Public safety
Guttenberg is served by North Hudson Regional Fire and Rescue, a regional fire department established in 1999 serving communities in northern Hudson County, that also serves North Bergen, Union City, Weehawken and West New York, replacing the five independent departments that had served each of the communities.[61]
Federal, state and county representation
Guttenberg is located in the 8th Congressional District[62] and is part of New Jersey's 32nd state legislative district.[18][63][64] Prior to the 2011 reapportionment following the 2010 Census, Guttenberg had been in the 33rd Legislative District.[65] Prior to the 2010 Census, Guttenberg had been part of the 13th Congressional District, a change made by the New Jersey Redistricting Commission that took effect in January 2013, based on the results of the November 2012 general elections.[65]
‹The template below (NJ Congress 08) is being considered for deletion. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus.›
‹The template below (NJ Senate) is being considered for deletion. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus.›
New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027)[68] and Bob Menendez (Harrison, term ends 2025).[69][70]
‹The template below (NJ Legislative 32) is being considered for deletion. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus.›
For the 2022–2023 session, the 32nd Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Nicholas Sacco (D, North Bergen) and in the General Assembly by Angelica M. Jimenez (D, West New York) and Pedro Mejia (D, Secaucus).[71]
‹The template below (Hudson County Executive) is being considered for deletion. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus.›
The Hudson County Executive, elected at-large, is Thomas A. DeGise.[74]
Politics
As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 4,991 registered voters in Guttenberg, of which 2,997 (60.0%) were registered as Democrats, 376 (7.5%) were registered as Republicans, 4 (0.08%) were registered as Libertarians or Greens, and 1,614 (32.3%) were registered as Unaffiliated.[75]
In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 77.4% of the vote (2,507 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 21.4% (692 votes), and other candidates with 1.3% (41 votes), among the 3,266 ballots cast by the town's 5,488 registered voters (26 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 59.5%.[76][77] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 71.6% of the vote (2,524 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 26.3% (928 votes) and other candidates with 1.3% (45 votes), among the 3,526 ballots cast by the town's 5,878 registered voters, for a turnout of 60.0%.[78] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 67.0% of the vote (2,172 ballots cast), outpolling Republican George W. Bush with 31.9% (1,035 votes) and other candidates with 0.4% (19 votes), among the 3,241 ballots cast by the town's 5,122 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 63.3.[79]
In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Democrat Barbara Buono received 52.5% of the vote (740 cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 45.7% (645 votes), and other candidates with 1.8% (25 votes), among the 1,478 ballots cast by the town's 5,545 registered voters (68 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 26.7%.[80][81] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 70.9% of the vote (1,341 ballots cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 23.6% (447 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 2.4% (46 votes) and other candidates with 0.6% (12 votes), among the 1,892 ballots cast by the town's 4,983 registered voters, yielding a 38.0% turnout.[82]
Education
For pre-kindergarten through eighth grade, public school students from Guttenberg attend the Anna L. Klein School as part of the Guttenberg Public School District.[83] As of the 2018–19 school year, the district, comprised of one school, had an enrollment of 949 students and 82.8 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.5:1.[84] The principal of Anna L. Klein School is Keith Petry.
For ninth through twelfth grades, public school students attend North Bergen High School in North Bergen, as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the North Bergen School District.[85][86] As of the 2018–19 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 2,376 students and 165.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 14.4:1.[87]
Transportation
Roads and highways
As of May2010[update], the town had a total of 4.39 miles (7.07km) of roadways, of which 3.95 miles (6.36km) were maintained by the municipality and 0.44 miles (0.71km) by Hudson County.[88]
The only significant roads directly serving Guttenberg are county highways. County Route 501 follows Kennedy Boulevard along the town's western border.[89] County Route 505 follows River Road on the east side of town.[90] Both roads are oriented north–south. Boulevard East passes through the town atop the Palisades.
Interstate 95 (the New Jersey Turnpike), U.S. Route 1/9 and New Jersey Route 495 are major highways located in adjacent North Bergen.
Public transportation
NJ Transit (NJT) bus service is available to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan and Bergen County destinations on the 128, 154, 156, 158, 159, 165, 166, 168 routes. Service north to Fort Lee and the George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal is available the 181 and 188 routes. Hudson County local service is provided on the 22, 23, 84/86, 88 and 89 routes.[91][92][93] NJT bus lines are augmented by privately run jitney service.[94]
Astudillo, Carla. "The 10 tiniest towns in New Jersey (they're really small)", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, November 1, 2016, updated May 16, 2019. Accessed March 5, 2020. "We used square mile data from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection to rank the ten municipalities with the smallest area size.... 7. Guttenberg The town of Guttenberg, named after inventor of the printing press Johannes Gutenberg, is not only the seventh-smallest municipality in New Jersey, but it is also the most-densely populated municipality in the United States."
Herman, Jennifer. New Jersey Encyclopedia, p. 281. State History Publications, 2008. ISBN9781878592446. Accessed January 30, 2018. "Name is a German word for 'good village.'"
Rand, Ellen. "New Jersey Housing; The Demise of a Luxury Complex", The New York Times, June 8, 1980. Accessed November 12, 2019. "Guttenberg - When The Galaxy opened for occupancy some four years ago, it was touted as the "ultimate" in luxury living along the Palisades."
Urban Enterprise Zone Tax Questions and Answers, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, May 2009. Accessed October 28, 2019. "The legislation was amended in 1996 to include seven additional zones. They were all predetermined and include East Orange, Guttenberg, Hillside, Irvington, North Bergen, Pemberton and West New York."
Urban Enterprise Zone Program, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed October 27, 2019. "Businesses participating in the UEZ Program can charge half the standard sales tax rate on certain purchases, currently 3.3125% effective 1/1/2018"
Schwartz, Art. "Wayne Zitt is new Gutt councilman; Will continue to serve as chief of staff to Assemblywoman Jimenez", The Hudson Reporter, December 27, 2015. Accessed April 17, 2016. "The Guttenberg Town Council received the names of three candidates for the vacant position of councilman on Monday, Dec. 14, and by Wednesday they had sworn in their newest member. Wayne D. Zitt Jr. will serve both as councilman and chair of the Guttenberg Department of Public Works, replacing Efrain Velez, who retired effective Dec. 4."
Conte, Michaelangelo. "Guttenberg mayor, wife found guilty of extortion, tax charges", The Jersey Journal, October 25, 2008. Accessed September 10, 2013. "Corrupt former Guttenberg Mayor David Delle Donna and his wife Anna were each sentenced to four years and three months in federal prison yesterday for tax evasion and extorting cash and gifts from a town bar owner in exchange for official favors."
Miller, Jonathan. "F.B.I. Raids on the Mayor Make Him Topic A in a Small Town", The New York Times, February 16, 2007. Accessed October 6, 2007. "In 2003, the former mayor, Peter LaVilla, pleaded guilty to misappropriating campaign funds and using the money for a private brokerage account after an investigation by the United States attorney's office. In 2002, a councilman accused of receiving illegal advances on his salary resigned, although he was never formally charged. The same year, the town's chief financial officer pleaded guilty to misappropriation of funds."
About North Hudson Regional Fire and Rescue, North Hudson Regional Fire and Rescue. Accessed October 26, 2017. "In 1999, North Bergen, Union City, West New York, Weehawken and Guttenberg combined their fire departments into an award-winning and nationally recognized fire-protection unit called North Hudson Regional Fire and Rescue. Before regionalization, the area was served by five small fire departments, each with their own management structure, maintenance program and administrative staff."
Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2020.
Biography of Bob Menendez, United States Senate, January 26, 2015. "Menendez, who started his political career in Union City, moved in September from Paramus to one of Harrison's new apartment buildings near the town's PATH station.."
Staff. "Schools and taxes: Vote on school board, budgets this Tuesday", The Hudson Reporter, April 13, 2008. Accessed October 29, 2014. "In tiny Guttenberg, the race is actually more interesting, even though the town only has one school (Anna L. Klein School) and sends its high schoolers to North Bergen High."
Profile 2016–2017, North Bergen High School. Accessed January 4, 2017. "The Communities: North Bergen & Guttenberg – The urban townships of North Bergen and Guttenberg are located in Hudson County directly between the George Washington Bridge and the Lincoln Tunnel."
Mellissa Fumero: Early life, Twitter, March 23, 2019. Accessed August 22, 2020. "Born in North Bergen, grew up in Guttenberg till age 6, then Lyndhurst till I moved to NYC at 19"
James, Abraham L. "The Life And Legacy Of Secretary Of State J. Rudolph Grimes", The Perspective, October 22, 2007. Accessed April 17, 2016. "His wife of 57 years, who was with him at the time of his passing at their home in Gutenberg, New Jersey, in the United States, has been a pillar of strength over the years, and in the twilight of his life provided him with special attention and care."
Hevesi, Dennis. "Stephen Ledogar Dies at 80; Drafted Arms Pacts", The New York Times, May 10, 2010. Accessed April 17, 2016. "Stephen J. Ledogar, a United States ambassador who played a major role in the drafting of three central international arms control treaties, died May 3 in Edgewater, N.J. He was 80 and lived in Guttenberg, N.J."
Cook, Joan. "John Scarne, Gambling Expert", The New York Times, July 9, 1985. Accessed April 17, 2016. "Mr. Scarne (pronounced SCAR-ney) was born in Niles, Ohio, on March 4, 1903. A mathematical whiz, he grew up in Guttenberg and Fairview, N.J., leaving school after the eighth grade."
Weber, Bruce. "Jane Wright, Oncology Pioneer, Dies at 93", The New York Times, March 2, 2013. Accessed April 17, 2016. "Dr. Jane C. Wright, a pioneering oncologist who helped elevate chemotherapy from a last resort for cancer patients to an often viable treatment option, died on Feb. 19 at her home in Guttenberg, N.J."
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