world.wikisort.org - United_KingdomSouth Hylton () is a suburb of Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England. Lying west of Sunderland city centre on the south bank of the River Wear, South Hylton has a population of 10,317 (2001 Census). Once a small industrial village, South Hylton (with only one access road) is now a dormitory village and is a single track terminus for the Tyne and Wear Metro.
Human settlement in England
South Hylton |
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Location within Tyne and Wear |
Metropolitan borough | |
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Metropolitan county | |
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Region | |
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Country | England |
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Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
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Post town | SUNDERLAND |
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Postcode district | SR4 |
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Dialling code | 0191 |
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Police | Northumbria |
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Fire | Tyne and Wear |
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Ambulance | North East |
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UK Parliament | - Washington and Sunderland West
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- List of places
- UK
- England
- Tyne and Wear
54.904113°N 1.447837°W / 54.904113; -1.447837 |
South Hylton was originally known as Hylton Ferry or Low Ford, its current name not coming into regular use until the late 18th to early 19th century.[1] It originally formed part of the Manor of Ford owned by the Barons Hylton, until the estates of Hylton Castle were sold off in 1750 after the death of the last baron.[1] Originally a collection of farmsteads, it became a diversified industrial village as a result of the Industrial Revolution.[1]
History
- See also History of Sunderland
Archaeological excavations around North Hylton and South Hylton indicate the area has been occupied since at least the Mesolithic era.[2] The remains of either a Bronze Age or Iron Age log boat and bronze swords were recovered from the nearby River Wear in the 19th and early 20th centuries.[2]
Masonry from a possible Roman bridge or dam across the Wear have been found, the local historian Robert Surtees recorded the discovery in the Wear of a Roman milestone, and Roman coins were found in the village in 1962 and 1994.[2] An Anglo-Saxon brooch has also been discovered near Wood House Farm in North Hylton.[2]
Geography
Topography
South Hylton Pasture is a Site of Special Scientific Interest and one of the few remaining examples of lowland hay meadow in Britain, and the only example in Sunderland.[3] The shallow, north-facing slopes of the pasture support unimproved neutral grassland, with associated wet flushes. Traditional management for hay production followed by winter grazing has maintained a herb-rich sward and supports the common blue and meadow brown butterflies.[4]
Listed buildings
There are six Grade II listed buildings in the area. They are:
St Mary's Church
The first Anglican chapel in South Hylton was donated by Captain (later Admiral) Thomas James Maling (whose first wife, Harriot Darwin, was the half-aunt of Charles Darwin) in 1817 as a chapel of ease, due to the distance between the village and the mother church of St Michael's in Bishopwearmouth. It was consecrated on 15 February 1821 by Thomas Burgess, the Bishop of St Davids, and the chapelry district was formed in 1844 as a perpetual curacy.[5][6][7] Originally a house chapel known as Hylton Lodge, it burnt down in 1878 and was rebuilt in 1880 by Charles Hodgson Fowler. The tower was added in 1930 by George Edward Charlewood and the porch in 1970 by Ronald Sims.[8]
41 and 42 High Street
41 High Street dates from the late 18th century. Adjacent to 41 is 42 High Street, known as Hylton House. It is the oldest house in the village and also dates from the late 18th century.[9] Both houses and the retaining walls outside constitute separate listed buildings.[10][11][12]
The Golden Lion
One of the four public houses (including a working men's club) in the area is The Golden Lion, situated near the river bank. The pub has existed since at least the mid-19th century, but the current building dates to around 1910. One of its main external features is the front door stone surround commemorating the marriage of John Hylton and his wife, Dorothy Musgrave, which was recovered from the north wing of Hylton Castle.[13] The Golden Lion was extensively damaged in a blaze in 2019.
War Memorial
On 16 August 1924 the village war memorial was unveiled by Major John Rodham Wigham of Ford Villa, who donated the site.[14] The memorial is of granite with wrought-iron railings and commemorates the villagers who died in the First World War on the west face, and those of the Second World War on the north face.[15][16]
Transport
Road access to South Hylton is via one road, Hylton Bank. The road starts at nearby Pennywell, becoming High Street at the heart of the village, and ends at the riverbank.
A railway line once ran from Sunderland to Durham from the 1850s until 1964, when the track from nearby Penshaw to Sunderland was removed following the Beeching Axe. The line was restored to the village in 2002 when South Hylton Metro station was constructed as a terminus for the Tyne and Wear Metro.
South Hylton formerly had a resident bus company, W. H. Jolly, which ran frequent services from the village into Sunderland town centre. The dominance of Stagecoach which also ran a similar route, coupled with the announcement of the upcoming Tyne & Wear Metro extension to South Hylton, caused the company to close in 1995. In August 2008, Stagecoach stopped its direct route to the village after 7pm and all day Sunday. The route was restored in part, via another company, by the Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive (Nexus) in December 2008.[17]
Education
South Hylton has its own school, South Hylton Primary Academy and St Anne's Roman Catholic Voluntary Aided Primary School is situated at the top of the village. The nearest secondary school is Academy 360 (formerly Pennywell Comprehensive School) in nearby Pennywell.
See also
- South Hylton Metro station
References
Bibliography
- Mackenzie, Eneas, and Ross, Marvin, An Historical, Topographical, and Descriptive View of the County Palatine of Durham, 1834, p.337
- Whellan, William, History, Topography, and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham, 1856, p.635
External links
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Grade I |
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Sunderland |
- Holy Trinity Church
- Hylton Castle & Chapel
- Phoenix Lodge
- St Andrew's Church
- St Peter's Church
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Washington | |
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Houghton-le-Spring |
- Penshaw Monument
- St Michael and All Angels Church
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| Grade II* |
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Sunderland |
- Doxford House
- Fulwell Acoustic Mirror
- Fulwell Mill
- Sunderland Minster
- Monkwearmouth Station Museum
- Old South Pier
- Ryhope Pumping Station & Chimney
- St George's Church
- Empire Theatre
- 11 Church Street East
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Houghton-le-Spring |
- Houghton Hall
- Houghton Rectory
- Kepier School
- Victoria Viaduct
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| Grade II |
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Sunderland | City Centre |
- Sunderland Museum
- St Mary's Church
- Mowbray Almshouses
- Sunderland County Court
- Corder House and Sydenham House
- Elephant Tea Rooms
- Green's Public House
- The Isis
- Sunderland Gas Board
- Galen Building
- Fitzgerald's Public House
- Wearmouth Bridge
- River Wear Commission Building
- St Mary's Building
- Monkwearmouth Railway Bridge
- Sunderland Magistrates' Court
- Hawksley House
- Victoria Hall Disaster Memorial
- Sunderland War Memorial
- Burdon Road Masonic Temple
- 4–25 Foyle Street
- 28–40 and 43–48 West Sunnside
- Medieval Arch & Wall
- Central Buildings
- Former General Post Office
- Former Custom House
- Maritime Buildings
- 19, 20, 29 and 30 Villiers Street
- West Park Church
- 17–29, 32–42 & 45–58 Frederick Street
- Mowbray Park (certain buildings)
- Midland Bank
- National Westminster Bank
- Barclays Bank
- Lloyds Bank
- 11–17, 20–23 25–28 and 45–58 John Street
- 2 & 3 Mary Street
- 3–5 Albion Place
- 19 & 31–33 Norfolk Street
- 3 & 22 Athenaeum Street
- Hutchinson's Buildings
- The Londonderry
- The Dun Cow
- 1–7, 105–112, 114–118, 145, 170–173, 176, 211, 212 and 214–217 High Street West
- 49–51 High Street East
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Monkwearmouth and Southwick |
- Monkwearmouth Library
- Monkwearmouth College
- Wheatsheaf Hotel
- North East Railway Stables
- Holy Trinity Church
- St Columba's Church
- Hebron Church
- 6 Back North Bridge Street
- 57 and 58 Barclay Street
- Southwick Limekilns
- The Tramcar Inn
- Thompson Memorial
- Southwick War Memorial
- 65–95 James Armitage Street
- All Saints' Church
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Ryhope and Burdon |
- Railway Inn
- Ryhope Grange Farmhouse
- St Paul's Church
- The Chestnuts and The Wilderness
- Burdon Hall
- The Railway Inn
- 14 Cliff Road
- Ryhope War Memorial
- Coqueda Hall
- Ryhope Rent Office
- Ryhope Pumping Station
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Ashbrooke and Thornholme |
- Bede Tower
- Sunderland Synagogue
- Christ Church
- West Hendon House
- St John's Church
- Carlton House
- Langham Tower
- Ashburne House
- The Crofts
- Gray House
- St George's House
- 3–7 Douro Terrace
- Valebrooke Gardens
- Westburn House
- 1–29 Thornhill Terrace
- 1–15 Grange Crescent
- 1–9 The Esplanade
- Burdon House
- 1–16 St Bede's Terrace
- 1–24 Park Place East and West
- Park Road Methodist Church
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Hendon and Grangetown |
- Hendon Gas Works
- Quayside Exchange
- St Aidan's Church
- Trafalgar Square Merchant Seaman's Almshouses
- St Ignatius Church
- Tavistock House
- Sunderland Orphanage
- 10 Church Street East
- Salisbury Street Steps
- Sunderland Cemetery (certain buildings)
- Former Methodist Manse
- Bethesda Free Church
- 17–23 Murton Street
- 3–19 Ridley Terrace
- North Dock (walls and mooring posts)
- Hudson Dock (certain buildings)
- Sunderland Harbour South Pier
- Whylam Wharf
- Bonded Warehouse
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Barnes and Humbledon |
- Barnes School
- St Gabriel's Church
- Kayll Road Library
- Children's Hospital
- Humbledon Pumping Station
- Hill House
- Bishopwearmouth Cemetery (certain buildings)
- Barnes Park Bandstand
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Deptford, Millfield and Pallion |
- The Mountain Daisy Public House
- St Joseph's Church
- Queen Alexandra Bridge
- St Mark's Church
- St Luke's Church
- Laing Fountain
- Webster's Ropery
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Silksworth and Tunstall |
- Silksworth Hall
- Tunstall Lodge
- Silksworth Cottage
- Tunstall School
- Tunstall Hope Lodge
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North Hylton and South Hylton | |
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Fulwell, Roker and Whitburn Bents |
- Fulwell Pumping Station
- The Bents
- Mere Knolls Cemetery (certain buildings)
- Roker Park Bandstand
- Roker Park Drinking Fountain
- Roker Pier & Lighthouse
- Andover
- Fulwell Limekilns
- 160, 162 & 164 Newcastle Road
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Middle and East Herrington | |
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Washington |
- Blue House Villa
- 'F' Pit
- The Old Hall Smithy
- Low Barmston Farmhouse
- Red Hill House
- Usworth Hall
- Fatfield House
- Our Blessed Lady Immaculate Church, Washington
- Certain buildings in/on: Peareth Hall Road
- The Avenue
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Houghton-le-Spring | Houghton-le-Spring |
- Davenport and Lilburne Almshouses
- Lilburn House
- Gilpin House
- The Villa
- The Rectory
- St Michael's Church
- The Old Mill
- Laburnum House
- Houghton Mines Rescue Station
- High Farm House
- St Cuthbert's Church
- Stoneygate Pumping Station
- Philadelphia Power Station
- Certain buildings in/on: Nesham Place
- Front Street, Newbottle
- Philadelphia Lane
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Hetton-le-Hole |
- St Nicholas' Church, Hetton-le-Hole
- St Nicholas House
- Easington Lane War Memorial
- Pithead Baths
- Smithy
- Primitive Methodist Church
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Newbottle |
- Russell House
- Newbottle Working Men's Club
- St Matthew's Church, Newbottle
- Cellar Hill House
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Penshaw |
- All Saints' Church
- Penshaw House
- Alice Well
- Accommodation Arch
- Boundary Stone
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Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Tyne and Wear |
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City of Sunderland |
- Claxheugh Rock and Ford Limestone Quarry
- Dawson's Plantation Quarry
- Durham Coast
- Fulwell and Carley Hill Quarries
- Gilley Law Quarry
- Hastings Hill
- Herrington Hill
- Hetton Bogs
- High Haining Hill
- High Moorsley
- Humbledon Hill Quarry
- Hylton Castle Cutting
- Joe's Pond
- Moorsley Banks
- South Hylton Pasture
- Tunstall Hills and Ryhope Cutting
- Wear River Bank
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Gateshead |
- Gibside
- Lower Derwent Meadows
- Pockerley Farm Pond
- Ridley Gill
- Ryton Willows
- Shibdon Pond
- Strother Hills
- Thornley Wood
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Newcastle upon Tyne |
- Big Waters
- Brenkley Meadows
- Gosforth Park
- Hallow Hill
- Prestwick Carr
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North Tyneside |
- Northumberland Shore
- Tynemouth to Seaton Sluice
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South Tyneside |
- Boldon Pastures
- Cleadon Hill
- Harton Down Hill
- West Farm Meadow, Boldon
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