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Banaadir (Somali: Banaadir, Arabic: بنادر, Italian: Benadir) is an administrative region (gobol) in southeastern Somalia.[3] It covers the same area as the city of Mogadishu, which serves as the capital. It is bordered to the northwest by the Shabelle river, and to the southeast by the Indian Ocean.[4] Although by far the smallest administrative region in Somalia, it has the largest population, estimated at 1,650,227 (including 369,288 internally displaced persons) in 2014.[1]

Banadir Banadir
Mogadishu street scene
Flag Coat of arms
Location in Somalia
Coordinates: 2°2′59″N 45°15′44″E
Country	Somalia
Capital	Mogadishu
Government
• Type	Federal
• Governor	Omar Mohamud Mohamed
Area
• Total	370 km2 (140 sq mi)
Population  (2014)
• Total	1,650,227[1]
Time zone	UTC+3 (EAT)
HDI (2017)	0.448[2] low · 1st

The territorial extent and scope of the term Benadir has varied in definition throughout its history, with medieval usage extending Benadir to huge swaths of coast adjacent to Mogadishu stretching as far as hundreds of miles. The early modern period which extended the meaning of Benadir to the interior midway towards the Hirshabelle region, to the contemporary period wherein sometimes the nonstandard misnomer of usage being interchangeable with the city of Mogadishu. This Banaadir municipality is bordered to the north by Hirshabelle and to the southwest by South West, and is the only Somali gobol (administrative region) which is both a municipality and a gobol known as a region.

Overview

The Banaadir region is bordered by the Middle Shebelle (Shabeellaha Dhexe) and Lower Shebelle (Shabeellaha Hoose), as well as the Indian Ocean.

"Benaadir" is derived from the Somali banaadir, which means "coast", in reference to the southern Somali coastal cities of Cadalle, warsheikh Mogadishu, Merka and Barawa. The place name reflects the region's medieval position as a key trade center with Persia, Arabian peninsula and the Swahili coast.[5]

Its capital is Mogadishu, known locally as Xamar (pronounced: Hamar), although the administrative region itself is coextensive with the city. Benaadir is much smaller than the historical region of Benadir, which covers most of the country's central and southern seaboard opposite the Indian Ocean and up to the Juba River, including Mogadishu.^{[citation needed]}

Thabit M. Abdi was appointed mayor of Mogadishu and governor of Banaadir in 2017, succeeding Yusuf Hussein Jimale who held that post since November 2015.[6]

History

Political

Tradition and old records assert that southern Somalia, including the Mogadishu area, was historically inhabited by hunter-gatherers. These were later joined by Cushitic-speaking populations, who would go on to establish local aristocracies called Sarapion. During the medieval period, it served as the capital of the Sultanate of Mogadishu in the 9th-13th century, which for many centuries controlled the Indian Ocean gold trade, and eventually came under the Ajuran Empire in the 13th century which was an important player in the medieval Silk Road maritime trade. Mogadishu enjoyed the height of its prosperity during the 14th and 15th centuries[7] and was during the early modern period considered the wealthiest city on the East African coast, as well as the center of a thriving textile industry.[8] In the 17th century, Mogadishu and parts of southern Somalia fell under the Hiraab Imamate and in the 19th century came under the Geledi Sultanate's sphere of influence.

After the Somali Republic became independent in 1960, Mogadishu became known and promoted as the White Pearl of the Indian Ocean. After the ousting of the Siad Barre regime in 1991 and the ensuing Somali Civil War, various militias fought for control of the city, later to be replaced by the Islamic Courts Union in the mid-2000s. The ICU thereafter splintered into more radical groups, notably the al-Shabaab, which fought the Transitional Federal Government (2004–2012) and its African Union Mission to Somalia allies. With a change in administration in late 2010, government troops and their military partners had succeeded in forcing out Al-Shabaab by August 2011. Mogadishu has then subsequently experienced a period of intense reconstruction.

Population

The 1,650,227 (as of 2014) residents of Benaadir are 50.7% female and come from 303,021 households.[1] It has the highest percentage of residents who are internally displaced persons among the regions of Somalia, because of its relative safety, economic opportunities and availability of resources.[1]

Districts

The Banaadir region consists of seventeen districts.[9] Warta Nabada District was previously known as Wardhigley District until it was officially renamed in 2012.[10] Kahda District was formed in 2013 and is still absent from most maps.[11]

• Abdiaziz District
• Bondhere District
• Daynile District
• Dharkenley District
• Hamar-Jajab District
• Hamar-Weyne District
• Hodan District
• Howl-Wadag District
• Huriwa District
• Kaxda District
• Karan District
• Shangani District
• Shibis District
• Waberi District
• Wadajir District
• Warta Nabada District
• Yaqshid District

References

External links

• Administrative map of Banaadir

На других языках

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- [en] Banaadir

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[ru] Банадир

Банадир (сомал. Banaadir или Xamar, араб. بنادر‎‎, итал. Benadir) — регион (gobol) на юго-западе Сомали. Его центром является Могадишо.

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