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Rajsko [ˈrai̯skɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oświęcim, within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Oświęcim and 55 km (34 mi) west of the regional capital Kraków.[1]
Rajsko | |
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Village | |
 Palace in Rajsko | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Rajsko  Rajsko | |
| Coordinates: 50°0′N 19°11′E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lesser Poland |
| County | Oświęcim |
| Gmina | Gmina Oświęcim |
| Elevation | 240 m (790 ft) |
| Population | 1,440 |
The village has a population of 1,440.
History
The village was first mentioned in 1272 as Raysko in a Latin document when the village was bestowed by Władysław of Opole on Herman Surnagel in order to bring the settlement under German law.[2]
It belonged at that time to the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and the Castellany of Oświęcim. Subsequently during the process of the feudal fragmentation of Poland it was absorbed in 1315 into the Duchy of Oświęcim, ruled by a branch of the Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document, issued on 21 February, the village was again mentioned as Raysko.[3]
The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into the Kingdom of Poland in 1564 and was part of the Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship. With the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it was annexed by the Austrian Kingdom of Galicia.
After World War I and the fall of Austria-Hungary it became part of Poland. It was annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. During the Nazi German control of the region, a subcamp of Auschwitz III was located there. After World War II, control was restored to Poland.
People associated with the village
- In 1803 it was the birthplace of the Polish lawyer, philosopher and publicist, Jan Kanty Rzesiński who was active in Kraków.[4]
- Witold Silewicz (1921-2007), composer and classical double bass player was born there on the estate of his maternal grandparents, the Zwilling family.[5] His musical career developed in Vienna, Austria.
References
- "Central Statistical Office (GUS) – TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
- Julian Zinków (1994). Oświęcim i okolice. Przewodnik monograficzny (in Polish). Oświęcim: Wydawnictwo „PLATAN“. p. 180. ISBN 83-7094-002-1.
- Prokop, Krzysztof Rafał (2002). Księstwa oświęcimskie i zatorskie wobec Korony Polskiej w latach 1438-1513. Dzieje polityczne (in Polish). Kraków: PAU. p. 151. ISBN 83-88857-31-2.
- Jolanta Herian-Ślusarska. "Prof. Jan Kanty Rzesiński (1803-1855)" (in Polish). www.uj.edu.pl. Retrieved 2014-02-22.
- Wykaz Właścicieli Dóbr Tabularnych w Galicji Rok 1902 https://genealogia.okiem.pl/forum/viewtopic.php?f=73&t=17125&start=20 List of estate proprietors in Galicia in 1902. Accessed 28.12.2018
Gmina Oświęcim | ||
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