world.wikisort.org - Poland

Mińsk Mazowiecki ([ˈmʲiɲsk mazɔˈvʲɛt͡skʲi] (listen)) "Masovian(-zovian) Minsk") is a town in eastern Poland with 40,999 inhabitants (2020). It is situated in the Masovian Voivodeship (since 1999) and is a part of the Warsaw Agglomeration. It is the capital of Mińsk County. Located 20 kilometers from the city limits of Warsaw and 38 kilometers from Warsaw's center.

Mińsk Mazowiecki
Aerial view of Mińsk Mazowiecki
Flag Coat of arms
Mińsk Mazowiecki
Coordinates: 52°11′N 21°34′E
Country	Poland
Voivodeship	Masovian
County	Mińsk
Gmina	Mińsk Mazowiecki (urban gmina)
Established	14th century
Town rights	1421, 29 May
Government
• Mayor	Marcin Jakubowski
Area
• Total	13.12 km2 (5.07 sq mi)
Elevation	147 m (482 ft)
Population  (2020)
• Total	40,999
• Density	3,100/km2 (8,100/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	05-300, 301, 303
Area code	+48 025
Car plates	WM
Website	http://www.minsk-maz.pl

Name

The source of town name - Mińsk - is the Mienia River, which in turn derives from the verb 'mienić', which means 'to shine'. The postnominal adjective 'Mazowiecki' shows the historical connection to Mazovia and distinguishes Mińsk Mazowiecki from the Belarusian capital of Minsk.

Location

Mińsk Mazowiecki is located geographically in South Podlasie, historically in East Mazovia and administratively in the eastern part of Masovian Voivodeship, 37 kilometres (23 miles) east from Warsaw's Center and 20 kilometres (12 miles) from Warsaw's border.

Timeline of history

• XIV century – first mentions of a settlement with commercial function
• 1421, 29 May – Mińsk was granted town privileges by Janusz I of Warsaw
• 1422 – first wooden church was built (not preserved)
• 1549 – a second town Sendomierz, later merged with Mińsk, was located on the other side of Srebrna River
• 1629 – the present church opened
• 1695 – Sendomierz joined to Mińsk
• XVIII century – gradual decline of Mińsk connected with gradual decline of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
• 1795–1809 – under Austrian rule as a result of the Third Partition of Poland
• 1809–1815 – in the Duchy of Warsaw
• 1815–1916 – in the Congress Poland
• 1866 – Mińsk county established, first train arrival (Warsaw–Terespol Railway)
• 1867 – name of the town changed to Nowomińsk (Novominsk)
• 1870 – Dernałowicz Family became the last owners of the city (up to the Second World War)
• 1886 – first bookstore in east Mazovia
• XX century – found of famous manufacture
• 1912 (or 1910) – start of Maria Grochowska's School, today this is Polska Macierz Szkolna's High School
• 1914 – old church opened after reconstruction
• 1915 – present hospital opened
• 1915 to 1918, 11 November – German occupation during World War I
• 1916 – name's change (Novominsk > Mińsk Mazowiecki)
• 1920 – briefly occupied by Russians before the Battle of Warsaw during the Polish-Bolshevik War
• 1920–1939 – great development
  • 1937 – first electric train arrived
• 1939–1944 – second German occupation (World War II)
  • 1939, 12 September – German entry
  • 1939, 13 September – battle for Mińsk Mazowiecki (led by gen. Władysław Anders)
  • 1942, 21 July – liquidation of Mińsk Mazowiecki ghetto. Most of the Jewish residents were murdered at the Treblinka death camp (one of the first episodes of The Holocaust)
  • 1944, 30 July – liberation by Armia Krajowa (prelude to Warsaw Uprising)
• 1944, 30–31 July – Soviet liberation
• 1945, 2–3 March – Soviet killed Mińsk's elite (with Mayor Hipolit Konopka)
• 1952 – trains manufacture
• 1957 – military garrison
• 1979 – new train station
• 1985 – Solidarity events
• 1990 – first Mayor elected in free elections (since elections before Second World War): Zbigniew Grzesiak
• 1999 – Mińsk County established

Jewish history

In 1768 the restrictions on permanent residence for Jewish people in Mińsk had been lifted.[1] From the 19th century to the 1930s it became very popular. Before the Second World War, there were thousands of Jews living in Mińsk and they had a general synagogue and smaller temples. The Novominsk hasidic dynasty was founded here in the late 19th century by Rabbi Yaakov Perlow, a descendant of the Baal Shem Tov.

Soon after the war began, the Germans created the Mińsk Ghetto. It was liquidated on 21 July 1942. Most of the Jews were murdered in Treblinka extermination camp sent in Holocaust trains by the thousands. The remaining Jewish population were murdered in Mińsk on 10 January 1943 (500 people) and 5 June (the last 150 people).

Monuments

• layout of medieval settlement and later city
• Palace of Doria Dernałowicz Family – built probably in the 17th century (in place of 16th century residence), converted to classicism
  • park
• Church of the Nativity of The Blessed Virgin Mary – built in the 17th century, converted to neo-baroque in the early 20th century
  • internal furnishing
  • cemetery
• county hall (former), 19th century, classicism
• county hall, 19th century
• post office, 19th century, empire
• church of Mariavite Church, 1911
• residential areas, 19th and early 20th century
• Jewish cemetery
• some school buildings (early 20th century)

Economy

Trade:

• hypermarket Carrefour
• supermarkets (about 10)
• many other shops
• market
• developers

Service:

• 10 banks
• fast-foods, pubs and restaurants
• 3 hotels
• construction industry
• car service
• satellite communication

Industry:

• ZNTK "Mińsk Mazowiecki" (since 2008 a subsidiary PESA SA) – maintenance and repair of railway rolling stock
• Fabryka Urządzeń Dźwigowych – production of cranes and other heavy machinery
• cotton products
• yachts
• shoes
• foil

Population

Age / Gender Number Total Male 0–18 3,978 7,618 Female 0–18 3,640 Men 18–65 12,283 Women 18–60 12,496 Work-age 24,779 Retired men 1,572 Retired women 3,560 Retired-age 5,132 All 37,529

Year Number Year Number 16th century (second half) 3,5-4,000 1660 1,000 1777 456 1827 750 1880 2,940 early 20th 4,771 1910 5,794 1921 10,689 1939 15,103 1945 10,500 1971 24,700 1992 34,000 1995 35,068 2000 35,761 2006 37,529  [citation needed]

Education

• Józef Majka College of Social Science (catholic)
• Stanisław Staszic Lifelong Learning Center
• University of Third Age
• Polska Macierz Szkolna Gymnasium and High School
• Salesian Elementary, Gymnasium and High School (catholic)
• Kazimierz Wielki Professional High School
• Powstańcy Warszawy Professional High School
• High School of Economy
• Maria Skłodowska-Curie High School
• 3 public gymnasiums
• 4 public elementary schools
• over 10 preschools (6 public)
• special school (for kids with problems)
• clinic of psychological and pedagogical help

Bureaus

• Regional Bureau of Environmental Protection Inspection
• Point of Conscription
• Above Forester Bureau (Nadleśnictwo Mińsk)
• County, city and commune bureaus

Safety

• Police Departament of Mińsk County – 2 building in Mińsk, dozens of cars (including sport cars and off-road cars)
• Fire Departament of Mińsk County – quite new fire engines (well equipped after big fire in industry area a few years ago)
• Public Hospital of Mińsk County

Culture and sports

Culture:

• House of Culture
• School of Art
• 2 libraries
• 2 museums
• Cinema
• Magazines (2 public and 3 commercial are published in Mińsk)

Sport:

• Miejski Ośrodek Sportu i Rekreacji (public sport and recreation departament)
  • 2 stadiums
  • Ice rink
  • Other
• Mazovia-ZNTK
  • Football team in local amateur league
  • Other sports
• other clubs

Religions

• Roman Catholic Church (4 parishes and other structures)
• Mariavite Church (1 parish)
• Baptist (1 congregation)
• Mennonite (1 congregation)

Public transport

• Train station
  • Regular service (39 trains in one way daily) to Warsaw
  • Direct connections with many cities in Poland, and with Moscow
• 2 regular bus services to Warsaw

Lands

Overall: 13.12 square kilometres (5.07 sq mi)

• Residential: 30%
• Industrial: 6%
• Communication (roads, railroads etc.): 15%
• Agricultural: 29%
• Parks: 5%
• Other: 15%

Historical parts of city

Cities:

• Mińsk – old town
• Sendomierz (found 1549, joined 1695)

Estates built as part of Mińsk:

• Nowe Miasto – Miasto Ogród – New Town – Garden Town (found 1936)
• Concrete estates built in socialist realism (about 1945–1990) without names
• Modern estates without names

Villages:

• Over railroad part of city (all existed in 1839 and earlier)
  • Kędzierak (joined partly in 1954 and fully in 1984)
  • Stankowizna (joined in 19th or 20th century)
  • Anielina (joined in similar time as Kędzierak)
• Other
  • Górki (joined in the 18th century)
  • Goździk (joined during First War War)
  • Kolonia Stasinów (joined in 1936)
  • Pohulanka (joined partly in 1936)
  • Sewerynów (joined in similar time as Kędzierak)

Military

• Military police
• 23rd Air Base with MIG-29 aircraft

Twin towns – sister cities

Mińsk Mazowiecki is twinned with:[2]

Notable people

• Julian Grobelny, Righteous Among the Nations
• Louis B. Mayer, Hollywood film producer and studio executive
• Czesław Mroczek, poseł
• Teresa Wargocka, poseł
• Moshe Carmel, politician in Israel
• Stefan Żeromski, writer
• Jan Himilsbach, actor and author
• Leyb Rokhman, Yiddish writer in Israel
• Hanna Dunowska, actor
• Victor Prus, architect in Canada
• Yeshurun Keshet Israeli poet, essayist, translator and literary critic
• Jacques Kalisz, architect in France
• Stanislav Redens, secret police officer in the Soviet Union
• Hermann Birnbach, subject of a Stolperstein in Nordhausen
• Marek Piotrowski, World Champion in Kickboxing
• Rafał Jackiewicz, boxer

References

Books

• 585 lat Mińska Mazowieckiego, red. Janusz Kuligowski, Mińsk Mazowiecki, 2006, ISBN 8390693674

External links

• Co słychać? – weekly magazine, ISSN 1425-6185
• Web page of City Hall Minsk Maz.pl (English)
• Web page of County Hall Powiat Minski.pl
• Web page: virtual tour. Panoramas.
• Jewish cemetery
• Jewish cemetery
• Historical placards
• Mińsk Mazowiecki, Poland at JewishGen

На других языках

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[de] Mińsk Mazowiecki

Mińsk Mazowiecki ist eine Stadt in Polen in der Woiwodschaft Masowien.

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- [en] Mińsk Mazowiecki

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[ru] Миньск-Мазовецки

Миньск-Мазове́цки[1][2] (польск. Mińsk Mazowiecki) — город в Польше, входит в Мазовецкое воеводство, Миньский повят. Население — 37 529 человек (на 2006 год).

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