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Castellaneta (Tarantino: Castelanéte) is a city and comune in the province of Taranto in the Apulia region of Southern Italy, about 40 km (25 mi) from Taranto. Located in a territory spanning from the Murgia to the Ionian Sea, characterized by numerous gravina (ravines), it is part of the Comunità Montana della Murgia Tarantina (Tarentine Murgia Mountain Community).

Castellaneta
Griko: Castanea
Comune
Città di Castellaneta
View of the historical centre.
Location of Castellaneta
Castellaneta
Location of Castellaneta in Italy
Castellaneta
Castellaneta (Apulia)
Coordinates: 40°38′N 16°56′E
CountryItaly
RegionApulia
ProvinceTaranto (TA)
FrazioniMarina di Castellaneta, Gaudella
Area
  Total242.32 km2 (93.56 sq mi)
Elevation
245 m (804 ft)
Population
 (31 December 2013)[2]
  Total17,069
  Density70/km2 (180/sq mi)
DemonymCastellanetani
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
  Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
74011
Dialing code099
Patron saintSt. Nicholas and St. Francis of Paola
Saint dayDecember 8
WebsiteOfficial website

History


Castellaneta in the 18th century.
Castellaneta in the 18th century.

Human settlements were present in the area since the Bronze Age (3rd–2nd millennium BC), and it was later probably settled by Sicels, Messapii and Iapyges. According to a theory, a fortified city (Castania in Latin) was founded in 550 and grew in size when the population of neighbouring cities fled there from Saracen attacks. Other historians maintain instead that it was a Greek colony which existed until the 8th century. When the Saracens destroyed it, the inhabitants joined in a Castellum Unitum (United Castle) on the hills, whence the current name.

Whatever its origin, Castellaneta was conquered by the Normans in 1064, taken by Duke Robert of Taranto, who expelled its Byzantine inhabitants. At that time, probably, the episcopal see was created. In the 13th century Charles of Anjou turned it first into a fief, and later into a King's city.

In 1503, during the Italian Wars, the citizens pushed back a French occupation force under the Duke of Nemours, in the so-called "Sack of Castellaneta". In 1519 the Spaniards sold it to Flemish feudatories, and thenceforth the city started to decline as secondary centre.

In 1944 Castellaneta was bombed by the withdrawing Germans, killing 27 people. The city received a bronze medal for civic valour.


Main sights


The sea in the frazione of Castellaneta Marina.
The sea in the frazione of Castellaneta Marina.

People


Actor Rudolph Valentino was born in Castellaneta in 1895. The ancestors of Dan Castellaneta, an actor/voice actor best known for his work on The Simpsons, were from the city.


References


  1. "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  3. "Website of Il Museo Rodolfo Valentino". Retrieved 25 May 2013.
  4. "Monument to Rudolph Valentino". Castellaneta360.

Sources



На других языках


[de] Castellaneta (Apulien)

Castellaneta ist eine italienische Gemeinde in der Provinz Tarent (Taranto) in der Region Apulien.
- [en] Castellaneta

[es] Castellaneta

Castellaneta es una localidad y comune italiana de la provincia de Tarento, región de Apulia, con 17.196 habitantes.

[ru] Кастелланета (коммуна)

Кастелланета (итал. Castellaneta, тарант. Castellaneta, местн. Castëlàneët) — коммуна в Италии, в регионе Апулия, подчиняется административному центру Таранто.



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