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Ben Shemen (Hebrew: בֶּן שֶׁמֶן, lit. very fruitful) is a moshav in central Israel. Located around four kilometres east of Lod, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Modi'in Regional Council. In 2019 it had a population of 870.[1]

Ben Shemen בֶּן שֶׁמֶן‎
Ben Shemen
Coordinates: 31°57′14″N 34°55′30″E
Country	Israel
District	Central
Council	Hevel Modi'in
Affiliation	Moshavim Movement
Founded	1905 (original) 1952 (re-establishment)
Population  (2019)[1]	870

Etymology

The village's name is taken from Isaiah 5:1:[2]

Let me sing of my well-beloved, a song of my beloved touching his vineyard. My well-beloved had a vineyard in a very fruitful hill.[3]

and also reflects the JNF's planting of olive trees in this area.[4]

History

The moshav was founded in 1905, and was one of the first villages established on Jewish National Fund land;[4] the first Jewish National Fund forest is also located in Ben Shemen.[4] According to a census conducted in 1922 by the British Mandate authorities, Ben Shemen had a population of 90 Jews.[5] Which had increased in the 1931 census to 353 residents, in 30 houses.[6] In 1923 it was split in two, with a group of trial farms eventually becoming a separate moshav, Kerem Ben Shemen.

The Ben Shemen Youth Village was established adjacent to the moshav in 1927 and is today a large agricultural boarding school.[7][4]

During World War II, Ben Shemen was the site of a British search for weapons. Similar searches were a common British response to Jewish opposition to the White Paper of 1939.[8] In 1947 Ben Shemen had a population of 75.[4] The village experienced extensive damage during the early days of the 1948 Arab–Israeli war and had to be reconstructed.[4] Immigrants from Romania joined the moshav in 1952. Some houses were built by Bezalel Academy of Art and Design founder Boris Schatz.

• 
  Ben Shemen 1942 1:20,000
• 
  Ben Shemen 1945 1:250,000
• 
  Depopulated villages in the Ramle Subdistrict

• 
  Ben Shemen 1927
• 
  Ben Shemen 1928
• 
  Ben Shemen 1948. Photograph from Palmach archive
• 
  Ben Shemen. 1948. Used as a base by the Yiftach Brigade
• 
  Ben Shemen 1948. Dining room
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  Ben Shemen. Harvest
• 
  Ben Shemen. Processing wool
• 
  Ben Shemen being evacuated in early 1948

Archaeology

During road-work near Ben Shemen in 1975, a burial cave containing three ossuaries was found. An Aramaic funerary inscription on one of them mentions "Levi son of Menashe" and is dated to the late Second Temple period, probably during the first century BCE or CE.[9]

Additionally, a boulder that collapsed from the cave wall had a Greek funerary inscription written in red, which according to its style, was probably inscribed during the 2nd or 3rd centuries CE. Di Segni suggests that the Hebrew name "Yo'ezer" on the inscription indicates that the area had not been completely cleared of Jews after the Jewish-Roman Wars. Jews who did not participate in the revolt may have survived in the area, converting to Christianity and preserving the family name for generations to come. Others have argued that, despite its rarity, a Christian usage of an Old Testament name doesn't require additional explanation.[9]

Notable residents

• Benjamin Elazari Volcani
• Aharon Yadlin
• Shimon Peres

See also

• Ben Shemen Interchange

References

External links

• Ben Shemen, Cross-Israel Highway: Reproduction of an oil press Israel Antiquities Authority

На других языках

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- [en] Ben Shemen

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[ru] Бен-Шемен

Бен-Ше́мен (ивр. ‏בֶּן שֶׁמֶן‏‎) — мошав, расположенный в центральной части Израиля в нескольких километрах восточнее города Лод. Административно относится к региональному совету Хевель Модиин, входит в поселенческое движение «Тнуат ха-Мошавим»  (англ.) (рус..

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