The Greater Dublin Area (GDA; Irish: Mórcheantar Bhaile Átha Cliath), or simply Greater Dublin, is an informal term that is taken to include the city of Dublin and its hinterland, with varying definitions as to its extent. As of 2022, its estimated population is 2,073,459. The Dublin Transport Authority Act 2008 defines the Greater Dublin Area as including the counties of Dublin (Dublin City, South Dublin, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown and Fingal), Meath, Kildare, and Wicklow.[1] The area is defined for transport and strategic planning and is not a formal political unit. The term can also apply more narrowly to the Dublin urban area and nearby suburban towns.

Greater Dublin Area
Metropolitan area
Satellite image of part of Greater Dublin
1. Dublin city, 2. Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, 3. South Dublin, 4. Fingal, 5. Meath, 6. Kildare 7. Wicklow
Country	Ireland
Population  (2022)
• Total	2,073,459
Time zone	UTC
• Summer (DST)	UTC+1:00
Eircode (post codes)	D1-D17, D2-D24, A41, A45, A63, A67, A82, A83, A84, A85, A86, A91, A92, A98, C15, K32, K45, K56, K67, K78, R56, W91, Y14, Y21
Area code(s)	01, 041, 042, 045, 046, 0402, 0404

Former boundaries

The urban part of Dublin and surrounding areas has been defined by various statutory instruments, mainly those referring to the Garda Síochána and Courts of the Republic of Ireland.

The city and five counties were grouped together in the order creating the Dublin Transportation Office, giving functions and representations to the office in this area, although not using the term.[2] The office was purely advisory and had no executive powers. The term was later defined in section 3 of the Dublin Transport Authority Act 2008.[1] On 1 December 2009 the DTO became the National Transport Authority, with a remit expanding beyond the Greater Dublin Area.[3]

Garda usage

The Garda used the term the Dublin Metropolitan Region (DMR) which was formerly the jurisdiction, within the eastern part of Ireland, of the Dublin Metropolitan Police, which was subsequently merged into the Garda Síochána, the national police force of Ireland. The term originated from the Police Forces Amalgamation Act 1925, which amalgamated the Dublin Metropolitan Police and Garda Síochána as one national police force.[4]

This jurisdiction covered parts of the old County Dublin (except the northern part around Swords) as well as the County Kildare town of Leixlip and the County Wicklow towns of Bray, Greystones and Enniskerry. Swords was covered by the Meath Garda Division. In this way, it differed from the usual definition of County Dublin and did not even conform to the looser definition of the Greater Dublin Area.

The definition no longer applies, as during 2008 the Garda divisions were realigned along Regional and county boundaries. As of 2009, the Dublin Metropolitan Region is co-extensive with the combined area of the city of Dublin, and the counties of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal and South Dublin. Leixlip was moved to the County Kildare Division and became the district headquarters for the new Leixlip District.[5] Bray moved into the new County Wicklow Division and became district headquarters for the Bray District.[6]

Planning usage

The 2003 Regional Planning Guidelines referred to the Greater Dublin Area as a planning district separated into a "metropolitan area" and a "hinterland area".[7]

The "metropolitan area" included both suburbs and commuter towns, covering the area from Swords and Malahide in Fingal, to Greystones in County Wicklow in the south, and as far west as Kilcock in County Kildare. This area differs from the Garda "metropolitan region" scope, in that it stretches approximately 20 km further west.

The Dublin Metropolitan Area is now defined as:[8]

The Dublin "Hinterland" area is aligned with the Draft National Planning Framework, which defines city regions or urban hinterlands as those EDs where at least 15% of the workforce (Full POWCAR) are employed in the Dublin Metropolitan Area (NTA boundary).

Gallery

• 
  Upper O'Connell Street in central Dublin city
• 
  Dun Laoghaire harbour in Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown
• 
  Central Tallaght in South Dublin
• 
  Main Street in Swords, Fingal
• 
  Killegland Street in Ashbourne, Meath
• 
  The National University of Ireland at Maynooth, Kildare
• 
  Bray Daly DART station in Bray, Wicklow

Population

The population of the Dublin City and County (Dublin City, Fingal, South Dublin and Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown) and Outer Greater Dublin (Meath, Kildare and Wicklow) as of the 2022 census was 2,073,459 persons. This equates to 40.5% of Ireland's population. Estimates published by the Central Statistics Office suggest that the population will reach 2.4 million by 2026.[9] The figures are based on a regional breakdown of previously published national population projections and assume that current demographic trends will continue.

The CSO also uses the narrower definition which comprises Dublin City and its suburbs within the 3 local Dublin authorities. [10] The boundaries for suburbs are not legally defined, but drawn and revised by the CSO in accordance with United Nations recommendations.[11] The population distribution of the Greater Dublin Area as of the 2011, 2016 and 2022 censuses was as follows:[12][13]

Historical

Population of the Greater Dublin Area, 1841–2022[14]

Census year	Population	Population change since previous census		Percentage of population of Ireland
1841	683,232	?		10.5%
1851	740,597	57,365	in 10 years	14.5%
1861	698,050	-42,547	in 10 years	15.9%
1871	663,131	-34,919	in 10 years	16.4%
1881	652,569	-10,562	in 10 years	16.9%
1891	628,539	-24,030	in 10 years	18.1%
1901	640,093	11,554	in 10 years	19.9%
1911	669,625	29,532	in 10 years	21.3%
1926	685,242	15,617	in 15 years	23.1%
1936	774,791	89,549	in 10 years	26.1%
1946	827,725	52,934	in 10 years	28.0%
1961	906,347	78,622	in 15 years	32.2%
1971	1,062,220	155,873	in 10 years	35.7%
1981	1,290,154	227,934	in 10 years	37.5%
1986	1,336,119	45,965	in 5 years	37.8%
1991	1,350,595	14,476	in 5 years	38.3%
1996	1,405,671	55,076	in 5 years	38.8%
2002	1,535,446	129,775	in 6 years	39.2%
2006	1,662,536	127,090	in 4 years	39.2%
2011	1,801,040	138,504	in 5 years	39.3%
2016	1,904,806	103,766	in 5 years	40.0%
2022	2,073,459	168,653	in 6 years

See also

• Belfast metropolitan area
• Derry Urban Area
• List of metropolitan areas in Europe

References

External links

• Eastern and Midland Regional Assembly
• Dublin Regional Authority
• Greater Dublin population to reach two million, from RTÉ News
• Regional Planning Guidelines for the Greater Dublin Area
• Cities/Towns Boundaries CSO page with links to Shapefile data for the boundary of the CSO-defined Greater Dublin Area; readable by Geographic information systems