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Barhi is a community development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in the Barhi subdivision of the Hazaribagh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

Barhi
Community development block
Barhi Location in Jharkhand Show map of Jharkhand Barhi Barhi (India) Show map of India
Coordinates: 24.3°N 85.42°E / 24.3; 85.42
Country	India
State	Jharkhand
District	Hazaribagh
Government
• Type	Federal democracy
Area
• Total	365.47 km2 (141.11 sq mi)
Elevation	374 m (1,227 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	131,669
• Density	360/km2 (930/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Hindi, Urdu
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	825405 (Barhi)
Telephone code/ STD	06543
Vehicle registration	JH 02
Lok Sabha constituency	Hazaribagh
Vidhan Sabha constituency	Barhi
Website	hazaribag.nic.in

Overview

Hazaribagh district is spread over a part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. The central plateau, averaging a height of 2,000 ft (610 m), occupies the central part of the district. On all sides, except on the western side, it is surrounded by the lower plateau, averaging a height of 1,300 ft (396 m), the surface being undulating. In the north and the north-west the lower plateau forms a fairly level tableland till the ghats, when the height drops to about 700 ft (213 m) and slopes down gradually. The Damodar and the Barakar form the two main watersheds in the district. DVC has constructed the Konar Dam across the Konar River. It is a forested district with cultivation as the main occupation of the people. Coal is the main mineral found in this district. China clay is also found in this district.[1][2][3] Inaugurating the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana in 2016, Raghubar Das, Chief Minister of Jharkhand, had indicated that there were 23 lakh BPL families in Jharkhand.[4] There was a plan to bring the BPL proportion in the total population down to 35%.[5]

Maoist activities

Right from its inception in 2000. Jharkhand was a “laboratory” for Naxalites to experiment with their ideas of establishing a parallel government. As of 2005, 16 of the 22 districts in the state, including Hazaribagh district, was transformed into a “guerrilla zone”. The movement was not restricted to armed operations but included kangaroo courts called Jan adalats, elected village bodies and people's police.[6] Jharkhand, with a dense forest cover over a large part of the state, offers a favourable terrain for the Naxalites to build their bases and operate. Annual fatalities in Jharkhand were 117 in 2003 and 150 in 2004.[7] In 2013 Jharkhand was considered one of the two states in the country most affected by Left wing extremism and Jharkhand police set up an exclusive cell to deal with Maoist activities.[8] However, in the same year, when Jharkhand police identified 13 focus areas for combating Maoist extremism, Hazaribagh district was not one of them.[9]

Geography

Barhi is located at 24°18′N 85°25′E. It has an average elevation of 374 metres (1,227 ft).[10]

Barhi CD Block is bounded by Chandwara CD block, in Koderma district, on the north, Barkatha CD block on the east, Ichak and Padma CD blocks, on the south and Mayurhand CD block, in Chatra district, and Chauparan CD block on the west.[11][12]

Barhi CD block has an area of 365.47 km².[13] As of 2011, Barhi CD Block had 20 gram panchayats,[14] 100 inhabited villages[15] and two census towns (Barhi, Konra).[16] Barhi police station serves this CD block,[17] Headquarters of this CD block is at Barhi.[18]

Demographics

Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, Barhi CD block had a total population of 131,660, of which 111,544 were rural and 20,125 were urban. There were 67,918 (52%) males and 63,751 (48%) females. Population in the age range 0-6 years was 23,612. Scheduled Castes numbered 22,696 (17.24%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 3,513 (2.67%).[16]

Census towns in Barhi CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Barhi (11,867) and Konra (8,258).[16]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Barhi CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Gauria Karma (5,964), Rasoia Dhamna (5,065), Nagar Barsot (5,974) and Dhanwar (4,345).[16]

Literacy

As of 2011^[update] census, the total number of literate persons in Barhi CD block was 73,904 (68.39% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 44,398 (79.87% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 29,506 (56.23% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 23.64%.[16]

As of 2011^[update] census, literacy in Hazaribagh district was 70.48%. Literacy in Jharkhand was 67.63% in 2011.[19] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[20][21]

See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate

Literacy in CD Blocks of Hazaribagh district
Barhi subdivision
Chauparan – 69.41%
Barhi – 68.39%
Padma – 68.90%
Barkatha – 61.44%
Chalkusha – 67.13%
Hazaribagh Sadar subdivision
Ichak – 71.87%
Tati Jhariya – 60.68%
Daru – 71.08%
Bishnugarh – 62.04%
Sadar, Hazaribagh – 77.56%
Katkamsandi – 67.38%
Katkamdag – 69.97%
Keredari – 64.04%
Barkagaon – 65.44%
Churchu – 67.97%
Dadi – 70.26%
Source: 2011 Census: CD Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data

Language and religion

Hindi is the official language in Jharkhand and Urdu has been declared as an additional official language.[22] Jharkhand legislature had passed a bill according the status of a second official language to several languages in 2011 but the same was turned down by the Governor.[23][24][25]

The three most populous mother-tongues (spoken language which is medium of conversation with the mother of children), as per data available from 2001 census in a Note on mother-tongue of earlier census, published in District Census Handbook Hazaribag, 2011, were: Khortha, Hindi and Urdu.[26]

Numerically, five important scheduled tribes in the district were: Santali, Oraon, Munda, Karmali and Bedia.[26]

According to the District Census Handbook, Hazaribagh, 2011 census, Hindus numbered 1,397,227 and formed 80.56% of the population of Hazaribagh district, followed by Muslims 281,287 (16.21%), Christians 17,137 (0.99%), religion not stated 1,671 (0.10%), other religions 37,213 (2.15%).[27]

Rural poverty

40-50% of the population of Hazaribagh district were in the BPL category in 2004–2005, being in the same category as Godda, Giridih and Koderma districts.[28] Rural poverty in Jharkhand declined from 66% in 1993–94 to 46% in 2004–05. In 2011, it has come down to 39.1%.[29]

Economy

Livelihood

In Barhi CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 23,152 and formed 45.62%, agricultural labourers numbered 10,673 and formed 21.03%, household industry workers numbered 995 and formed 1.96% and other workers numbered 15,935 and formed 33.40%. Total workers numbered 50,755 and formed 38.55% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 80,914 and formed 61.45% of the population.[30]

Note: In the census records, a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.[31]

Infrastructure

There are 100 inhabited villages in Barhi CD block. In 2011, 83 villages had power supply. 7 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 23 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 98 villages had hand pumps, and all villages had drinking water facility. 7 villages had post offices, 5 villages had sub post offices, 13 villages had telephones (land lines) and 73 villages had mobile phone coverage. 97 villages had pucca (hard top) village roads, 20 villages had bus service (public/ private), 10 villages had autos/ modified autos, and 46 villages had tractors. 10 villages had bank branches, 21 villages had agricultural credit societies, no village had cinema/ video hall, no village had public library and public reading room. 31 villages had public distribution system, 6 villages had weekly haat (market) and 43 villages had assembly polling stations.[32]

Forestry and agriculture

The main occupation of the people of Hazaribagh district is cultivation. While forests occupy around 45% of the total area, the cultivable area forms about 39% of the total area. The forests are uniformly spread across the district. Sal is the predominant species in the jungles. Other species are: bamboo, khair, sali, semal, mahua, tamarind, mango, black-berry (jamun), peepal, karnaj, jack-fruit, margosa (neem), kusum, palas, kend, asan, piar and bhelwa. Hazaribag Wildlife Sanctuary is located around 19 km north of Hazaribag. Irrigation facilities in this hilly area are inadequate and generally farmers depend on rain for their cultivation. The land situated along the river banks, or low land, is fertile but the uplands are generally barren. May to October is Kharif season, followed by Rabi season. Rice is the main crop of the district. Other important crops grown are: bazra, maize, pulses (mainly arhar and gram) and oilseeds. Limited quantities of cash crops, such as sugar cane, are grown.[33]

Backward Regions Grant Fund

Hazaribagh district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.[34][35]

Transport

v t e Koderma–Hazaribagh–Barkakana-Ranchi line
Legend
km Hatia–Rourkela line Ranchi–Tori line to Lohardaga & Tori 211 Ranchi 207 Namkon to Kandra (planned) 200 Tatisilwai Netaji S.C.Bose Gomoh–Hatia line 191 Mesra 183 Hundur Halt 177 Jhanjhitoli Halt 170 Shanki under construction 156 Daridag 147 Hehal under construction 143 Sidhwar Barkakana–Muri–Chandil line 137 Barkakana Junction Barkakana–Son Nagar line Damodar River 134 Arigada Gomoh–Barkakana branch line 123 Kuju NH 20 113 Mandu NH 20 107 Charhi 90 Bes Bandag Siding 80 Hazaribagh Town 73 Kansar Nawada 56 Katkamsandi Barkakana–Son Nagar line Ranchi–Tori line to Ranchi ' 0 Tori Barkakana–Son Nagar line 7 Biratoli 15 Kusmahi 19 Balumath 27 Bukru 32 Phulbasia 37 Manatu 42 Shivpoor under construction 50/87 Kathautia 43 Kurhagada 35 Padma 23 Barhi NH 19 Barakar River 14 Urwan 8 Pipradih Asansol–Gaya section Madhupur–Giridih–Koderma line 0 Koderma Asansol–Gaya section to Tilaiya (planned)
Source: Google Maps Koderma–Barkakana Passenger

National Highway 19 (old NH 2) / Grand Trunk Road and NH 20 cross at Barhi.[36]

The 79.7 km long first stage railway project from Koderma to Hazaribagh costing ₹ 936 crore was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 20 February 2015. The railway line passes through the Barhi CD Block and there is a station at Barhi.[37]

Education

In 2011, amongst the 100 inhabited villages in Barhi CD Block, 25 villages had no primary school, 64 villages had one primary school and 11 villages had more than one primary school. 32 villages had at least one primary school and one middle school. 9 villages had at least one middle school and one secondary school.[38]

RNYM College, a degree college, established at Barhi in 1985, is affiliated to Vinoba Bhave University. It offers courses in arts and commerce.[39][40]

There is a special institution in this CD block. Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya was established at Nagar Barsot in 2006. It offers arts and commerce courses in classes XI and XII. No fees are payable.[41] The Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya scheme was launched in 2004 by the Government of India for setting up of upper primary level residential schools for girls belonging to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes, minority communities and families below the poverty line in educationally backward blocks where rural female literacy was low and the gender gap in literacy was high.[42]

Healthcare

In 2011, amongst the 100 inhabited villages in Barhi CD block, 6 villages had primary health centres, 14 villages had primary health sub-centres, 2 villages had maternity and child welfare centres, 2 villages had allopathic hospitals, 3 villages had alternative medicine hospitals, 4 villages had dispensaries, 7 villages had medicine shops and 73 villages had no medical facilities.[43]

References

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