Chipman (2016 population: 1,104)[1] is a Canadian village in Queens County, New Brunswick.

Chipman
Chipman
Coordinates: 46°10′16″N 65°53′02″W
Country	Canada
Province	New Brunswick
County	Queens
Parish	Chipman
Incorporated	1966
Government
• Type	Village Council
• Mayor	Carson R. Atkinson
• Deputy Mayor	Keith V. West
• Councillors	Lindsey E. Fraser, Shaun Ward, Daniel Frenette
Area [1]
• Land	19.02 km2 (7.34 sq mi)
Population  (2016)[1]
• Total	1,104
• Change 2011-16	10.7
Time zone	UTC-4 (AST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-3 (ADT)
Website	Village of Chipman

The village of Chipman is located on the banks of the Salmon River at the head of the Grand Lake, the largest freshwater lake in the Maritime provinces. The village itself is located around 73.4 kilometres from the capital city of Fredericton.

History

Chipman is named after Ward Chipman Jr. (1787-1851), who served as Chief Justice of New Brunswick from 1834 to 1851.[2] The village of Chipman was founded in 1835, and was made up of portions of the older parishes of Brunswick and Canning. The first settler in what would become the Parish of Chipman was Alexander McClure of County Tyrone, who arrived in 1820 with his wife, Mary McLeod and their five daughters. Earlier settlements upriver at Gaspereau, and downriver at the Range, existed prior to 1820, consisting of local settlers and Maine businessmen who established the first sawmills on the Salmon and Gaspereau Rivers. Immigration to the Chipman area escalated rapidly in the 1820s through the 1850s, with the large majority of new arrivals hailing from the northern counties of Ireland, in particular: Donegal, Londonderry, and Tyrone. The rapidly growing lumbering and sawmill industries were the primary impetus for this growth, which continued through most of the 19th century. The Parish of Chipman quickly became prominent because of its large population in comparison with the surrounding parishes, aided by the lure of employment from the burgeoning lumber mills, the coming of the railways, the development of the coal mining industry, and later in the 1930s, the establishment of L.E. Shaw's brick and tile plant.

20th century

Despite its prosperity, economic growth in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was insufficient to provide employment for all the population at a time when families typically produced several children. As a consequence, Chipman experienced its own exodus of surplus labourforce, particularly young men who had gained valuable experience in lumbering and milling. Chipman-area natives became pioneering founders of the embryonic sawmill industries in Montana, Washington state and California, as well as leading businessmen in other ventures in the new western U.S. territories and states.

After flying the LGBTQ rainbow flag 24 June 2018 for a week, the village council of Chipman approved in October 2018 a "straight flag"—removed after one day because of local complaints that this was a "display of hate." "Helen Kennedy, executive director of human rights group Egale Canada, said she wasn't familiar with the straight flag -- and Sunday's ceremony was the first time she had heard of it being raised in Canada."[3]

Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Chipman had a population of 1,201 living in 605 of its 647 total private dwellings, a change of 8.8% from its 2016 population of 1,104. With a land area of 19 km² (7.3 sq mi), it had a population density of 63.2/km² (163.7/sq mi) in 2021.[4]

Notable people

Elizabeth Brewster, CM SOM (26 August 1922 – 26 December 2012) was a poet, author, and academic.

See also

• List of communities in New Brunswick
• List of counties of New Brunswick

References

Further reading

• Baird, Rev. Frank, M.A., D.D., 1946. History of the Parish of Chipman. Sackville, NB: Tribune Press Ltd.
• Baird, Rev. Frank, M.A., D.D., 1941. Salmon River One Hundred Years Ago - An Address at the Centennial Celebration of the Chipman United Church.
• Chipman Historical Photo Committee, eds. 2002. Chipman Then and Now: A Pictorial History of Chipman and Neighbouring Communities. Chipman: Mirror Printing.
• Copeland, Gary. 1992. Men of Clay, The Chipman Story: A Historical Biography of the Chipman Brick Industry ( 1928–1990). St. Stephen, NB: Data I.
• Morell, Marjorie Taylor. 1981. Of Mines and Men. St. Stephen, NB: Print'N Press.
• Gillett, Heather Roselle. 2008. "What is a Brickmaker: An Occupational Folklife Study of the Brick Industry in Chipman, New Brunswick." MA Thesis (Folklore). St John's, Memorial University of Newfoundland.