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Nuevo Baztán is a municipality southeast of Madrid, near Alcalá de Henares, Spain. It consists of a small historic centre and modern housing estates.

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Nuevo Baztán
Flag Seal
Country	Spain
Autonomous community	Madrid
Area
• Total	20.2 km2 (7.8 sq mi)
Elevation	831 m (2,726 ft)
Population  (2018)[1]
• Total	6,154
• Density	300/km2 (790/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Website	www.ayto-nuevobaztan.com

The historic centre was designed as an industrial and housing complex laid out on a grid plan. It was promoted and developed by the prominent politician and publisher Juan de Goyeneche (1656–1735).[2]

History

Nuevo Baztán was founded around 1709 in a mercantalist initiative to promote industrial development in Spain. The site chosen belonged to a locality called Olmeda. The name of the new development refers to the Goyeneche family's home town, Baztan in Navarre. Much of the construction was performed by Agotes imported from Navarre. The town housed factories producing among other things munitions and glassware. The Goyeneche family financed not only the palaces, churches, and factories, but also houses for the employees, many of whom were transplants from other regions of Spain.

Glass production at Nuevo Baztán only lasted a few years because of difficulty in obtaining the necessary fuel supplies locally. Some employees relocated to La Granja de San Ildefonso near Segovia, where there was abundant timber and a demand for glass at a royal palace which was under construction in the 1720s.[3] The other industries of Nuevo Baztán ceased production by the end of the 18th century.

Newer housing has arisen around the 18th-century nucleus in the past decades, and the present town contains large modern developments, including Eurovillas, Las Villas de Nuevo Baztán, Monteacevedo, and El Mirador del Baztán.

Goyeneche Palace

The Goyeneche Palace (Spanish: Palacio de Goyeneche or Palacio de Nuevo Baztán) is one of a number of palaces in Spain and Peru associated with the Goyeneche family. The palace was built to a Baroque design by José de Churriguera which incorporates a church.

The palace-church and two plazas were designated as a conservation area in 1941.[4] However, in 2007 it was reported that the palace was in a poor state of conservation. There have been proposals to restore it for use as an art gallery. The palace's wine cellars house an interpretation centre.[5]

See also

• List of planned cities

References

• "Juan de Goyeneche y el triunfo de los navarros en la monarquía hispánica del siglo XVIII" (in Spanish). An on-line article about a Goyeneche exhibition shown in Madrid and Pamplona in 2005–6). The exhibition was sponsored by Caja Navarra and curated by staff of the University of Navarre. Retrieved 7 August 2012.

External links

На других языках

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- [en] Nuevo Baztán

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[es] Nuevo Baztán

Nuevo Baztán es un municipio español perteneciente a la Comunidad de Madrid situado en la comarca Cuenca del Henares, ubicado a 50 km al este de Madrid. El casco histórico tiene sus inicios en el periodo que va desde 1709 a 1713 como residencia de los obreros de una fábrica de vidrio fundada ex novo por Juan de Goyeneche y Gastón (seguidor del racionalismo francés) a partir de Villa de Olmedo. El nombre de Nuevo Baztán proviene del valle del Baztán, en Navarra, lugar de nacimiento de Juan de Goyeneche. El modelo urbanístico de calles en retículo ortogonal definido a comienzos del siglo XVIII para este poblado ha sido objeto de estudio por urbanistas españoles como Fernando Chueca Goitia: «Ejemplo del urbanismo barroco castizo».[1][2] Goyeneche encarga el diseño de los edificios y su distribución espacial urbanística al arquitecto español José Benito Churriguera.[3] El poblado ocupa un lugar en la meseta,[4] donde antes había un bosque de acebos (Ilex aquifolium). Las industrias estuvieron funcionando hasta mediados del siglo XVIII, sufriendo diversas transformaciones hasta que se cerraron definitivamente, el viejo poblado permaneció en estado de abandono durante varios siglos.

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[ru] Нуэво-Бастан

Нуэ́во-Баста́н (исп. Nuevo Baztán) — город и муниципалитет в Испании, входит в провинцию Мадрид в составе автономного сообщества Мадрид. Муниципалитет находится в составе района (комарки) Куэнка-дель-Энарес. Известен тем, что в 1709 году классик испанской архитектуры и создатель стиля чурригереско Хосе Бенито Чурригера сделал в городке по единому стилевому градостроительному плану дворец, церковь и мануфактуру.

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