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Patna district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in eastern India. Patna, the capital of Bihar, is the district headquarters. The Patna district is a part of Patna division.

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Patna.
Patna district
District of Bihar
View of Golghar
Coordinates (Patna): 25°25′N 85°10′E
Country India
StateBihar
DivisionPatna
HeadquartersPatna
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituencies1. pataliputra,
2. Patna sahib,
3. Munger (shared with Munger district)
 • Vidhan Sabha constituencies14
Area
 • Total3,202 km2 (1,236 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total5,838,465
 • Rank(IN: 15th)[1]
 • Density1,800/km2 (4,700/sq mi)
 • Urban
2,514,590
Demographics
 • Literacy (2011)70.68%[2][3]
 • Sex ratio1.897 ♂/♀
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH 30, NH 83
HDI (2016) 0.811[4] (high)
Websitepatna.nic.in

As of 2011, it is the most populous district of Bihar and fifteenth most populous district in India.[5]

The revenue district of Patna comes under the jurisdiction of a District Collector (District Magistrate). The office of the Patna DM is in Patna Collectorate.


History


Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world.[6] Patna was founded in 490 BCE by the king of Magadha. Ancient Patna, known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadha Empire under the Haryanka, Nanda, Mauryan, Shunga, Gupta and Pala empires. Pataliputra was a seat of learning and fine arts. Patliputra was home to many mathematicians, astronomers, astrologists and scholars including Gautam Buddha, Aryabhata, Panini, Vātsyāyana, Chanakya and Kālidāsa.[7][8] Its population during the Maurya period (around 400 BCE) was about 400,000.[9] Patna served as the seat of power, political and cultural centre of the Indian subcontinent. With the fall of Gupta Empire, Patna lost its glory. It was revived again in the 17th century by the British as a centre of international trade.

Further information: Patna § History
Main street of Patna, showing one side of the Chowk, 1814–15.
Main street of Patna, showing one side of the Chowk, 1814–15.
City of Patna, on the River Ganges, 19th-century painting.
City of Patna, on the River Ganges, 19th-century painting.

Modern history


The modern district of Patna was created in September 1770 as provincial council by the British, to supervise revenue matters of Bihar. In 1793, Patna became a separate judicial district. This led the foundation of modern district.[10]

The re-organization of the districts in the State took effect in 1972. On November 9, 1972 Nalanda district was constituted by carving out the Bihar Sharif sub-division of Patna district.[11]


Geography


Patna district occupies an area of 3,202 square kilometres (1,236 sq mi),[12] bounded by the Son River to the west, and the Ganges to the north. In the south, it is bordered by the Nalanda, Arwal, by Jehanabad districts, in the east by Begusarai district, and by Lakhisarai to the southeast.


Blocks


The district has 23 blocks: Patna Sadar, Phulwari Sharif, Sampatchak, Paliganj, Fatuha, Khusrupur, Daniyawaan, Bakhtiyarpur, Barh, Belchi, Athmalgola, Mokama, Pandarak, Ghoswari, Bihta, Maner, Danapur, Naubatpur, Bikram, Masaurhi, Dhanarua, Punpun.


Industries


In Patna the most Industries are located in Fatuha to DidarGanj.


Sub-divisions


Patna district comprises six sub-divisions:

  1. Patna Sadar
  2. Patna City
  3. Barh
  4. Danapur
  5. Masaurhi
  6. Paliganj

Assembly constituencies


The district is divided into fourteen assembly constituencies:[13][14][15][16]


Parliamentary constituencies


The district has three parliament constituencies:

-Numbers denote constituency number.


Demographics


Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
19011,028,073—    
19111,018,226−0.10%
1921998,101−0.20%
19311,168,744+1.59%
19411,357,416+1.51%
19511,600,295+1.66%
19611,861,811+1.53%
19712,250,883+1.92%
19813,019,201+2.98%
19913,618,211+1.83%
20014,718,592+2.69%
20115,838,465+2.15%
source:[17]

According to the 2011 census Patna is the 15th most populous district, with population of 5,838,465,[2] roughly equal to the nation of Nicaragua[18] or the US state of Maryland.[19]The district has a population density of 1,823 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,720/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 22.34%. Patna has a sex ratio of 897 females for every 1,000 males, and a literacy rate of 70.68%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 15.77% and 0.15% of the population respectively.[2]

Religions in Patna district (2011)[20]
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 91.74%
Muslims
 
 7.54%
Other or not stated
 
 0.72%

Languages in Patna district (2011)[21]

  Magahi (46.34%)
  Hindi (43.77%)
  Urdu (5.19%)
  Bhojpuri (2.67%)
  Maithili (1.24%)
  Others (0.78%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 46.35% of the population in the district spoke Magahi, 43.77% Hindi, 5.19% Urdu, 2.67% Bhojpuri and 1.24% Maithili as their first language.[22]


Climate


Climate data for Patna
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 23.3
(73.9)		 26.5
(79.7)		 32.6
(90.7)		 37.7
(99.9)		 38.9
(102.0)		 36.7
(98.1)		 33.0
(91.4)		 32.4
(90.3)		 32.3
(90.1)		 31.5
(88.7)		 28.8
(83.8)		 24.7
(76.5)		 31.53
(88.75)
Average low °C (°F) 9.2
(48.6)		 11.6
(52.9)		 16.4
(61.5)		 22.3
(72.1)		 25.2
(77.4)		 26.7
(80.1)		 26.2
(79.2)		 26.1
(79.0)		 25.7
(78.3)		 21.8
(71.2)		 14.7
(58.5)		 9.9
(49.8)		 19.65
(67.37)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 19
(0.7)		 11
(0.4)		 11
(0.4)		 8
(0.3)		 33
(1.3)		 134
(5.3)		 306
(12.0)		 274
(10.8)		 227
(8.9)		 94
(3.7)		 9
(0.4)		 4
(0.2)		 1,130
(44.5)
Source: worldweather.org[23]

Economy


In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Patna one of the country's 250 most backward districts.[24] It is one of the 38[25] districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund.[24]

Agricultural products include paddy, maize, pulses, wheat, and oilseeds. Roughly one-third of the area sown is under rice (paddy). Cash crops such as vegetables and watermelons are also grown in the Diara belt. Major industries include leather, handicrafts, and agro-processing.


Politics


This section is transcluded from 17th Bihar Assembly. (edit | history)
No. Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks
178 Mokama Anant Kumar Singh Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB Disqualification of Anant Kumar Singh[26]
Vacant
179 Barh Gyanendra Kumar Singh Bharatiya Janata Party NDA
180 Bakhtiarpur Aniruddh Kumar Yadav Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB
181 Digha Sanjeev Chaurasiya Bharatiya Janata Party NDA
182 Bankipur Nitin Nabin Bharatiya Janata Party NDA
183 Kumhrar Arun Kumar Sinha Bharatiya Janata Party NDA
184 Patna Sahib Nand Kishore Yadav Bharatiya Janata Party NDA
185 Fatuha Rama Nand Yadav Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB
186 Danapur Ritlal Yadav Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB
187 Maner Bhai Virendra Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB
188 Phulwari Gopal Ravidas Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation MGB
189 Masaurhi Rekha Devi Rashtriya Janata Dal MGB
190 Paliganj Sandeep Yadav Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation MGB
191 Bikram Siddharth Saurav Indian National Congress MGB

Education


Main article: Education in India

Schools in Patna are either government run schools or private schools. Schools mainly use Hindi or English as the medium of instruction.[27] Under the 10+2+3/4 plan, after completing their secondary education, students typically enrol in a school with a higher secondary facility affiliated with the Bihar School Examination Board, the Central Board of Secondary Education, the National Institute of Open Schooling, or the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations.[28]


Villages



See also



References


  1. "District wise population in India as of 2011 census". updateOX. 2011-05-24. Archived from the original on 2017-12-29. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
  2. "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  3. "District-specific Literates and Literacy Rates, 2001". Registrar General, India, Ministry of Home Affairs. Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2010.
  4. "Development of Human Development Index at District Level for EAG States". March 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. "Patna Pin Code list, Population density ,literacy rate and total Area with census 2011 details". www.indiamapia.com. Archived from the original on 2017-10-17. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
  6. "Populations of Largest Cities in PMNs from 2000BC to 1988AD". Archived from the original on 29 September 2007.
  7. "Patna Tour". cultureholidays.com. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  8. "Ancient Patliputra". go4patna.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  9. O'Malley, L. S. S. (2005). James, J. F. W. (ed.). History of Magadha. Delhi: Veena Publication. p. 23. ISBN 978-81-89224-01-1. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
  10. Singh, Vipul (2005). The Artisans in 18th Century Eastern India, a History of Survival. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 9788180692352. Archived from the original on 2017-12-29. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
  11. "Nalanda celebrates foundation day — Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2017-12-29. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
  12. Srivastava, Dayawanti; et al., eds. (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
  13. "14 segments in Patna dist this time". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2017-12-29.
  14. "General Election 2009 Assembly constituencies". Pataliputra. India elections.co.in. Archived from the original on 2009-04-24. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
  15. "Monghyr (Munger) loksabha constituency seat election results". IndiaStudyChannel.com. Archived from the original on 2017-12-29. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
  16. "Patna Sahib loksabha constituency seat election results". IndiaStudyChannel.com. Archived from the original on 2017-12-29. Retrieved 2017-12-28.
  17. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  18. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2011. Nicaragua 5,666,301 July 2011 est.
  19. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Maryland 5,773,552
  20. "Population by Religious Community – 2011". Census of India, 2011. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
  21. "Population By Mother Tongue". Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
  22. 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
  23. "Climatological Information for Patna". World Weather. Archived from the original on 8 August 2013. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  24. Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  25. By: Manav Saurav : Government of Bihar website :gov.bih.nic.in/Profile/Districts.htm
  26. "Anant Singh loses assembly membership, RJD tally down to 79". Hindustan Times. 2022-07-15. Retrieved 2022-08-27.
  27. Dixon, Pauline (2013). International Aid and Private Schools for the Poor: Smiles, Miracles and Markets. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2013. p. 65. ISBN 9781781953457. Archived from the original on 2015-06-19.
  28. "Class XI admission process begins in many schools". The Times of India. 23 May 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2017.


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На других языках

[de] Patna (Distrikt)

Der Distrikt Patna (Hindi पटना जिला, Urdu ضلع پٹنہ) ist ein Distrikt des indischen Bundesstaats Bihar. Verwaltungs- und Wirtschaftszentrum ist die Millionenstadt Patna.
- [en] Patna district

[ru] Патна (округ)

Патна (хинди पटना जिला; англ. Patna) — округ в центральной части индийского штата Бихар. Административный центр — город Патна, который также является столицей штата Бихар.


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