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San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca (American Spanish: [saɱ feɾˈnando ðel ˈβaʝe ðe kataˈmaɾka]) is the capital and largest city in Catamarca Province in northwestern Argentina, on the Río Valle River, at the feet of the Cerro Ambato. The city name is normally shortened as Catamarca.

San Fernando del
Valle de Catamarca
City
(From top to bottom; from left to right) Aerial view of the city; Our Lady of the Valley of Catamarca Cathedral; San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca Historical Museum; El Jumeal reservoir and the San Francisco Church.
Flag
Coat of arms
Capital department within Catamarca Province
San Fernando del
Valle de Catamarca
Location of San Fernando del
Valle de Catamarca in Argentina
Coordinates: 28°28′S 65°47′W
Country Argentina
Province Catamarca
DepartmentCapital
Government
 • MayorGustavo Saadi (Justicialist Party)
Elevation
500 m (1,600 ft)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total159,139
Demonymcatamarqueño
Time zoneUTC−3 (ART)
CPA base
K4700
Dialing code+54 383

The city of 684 km2 (264 sq mi), located 500 m (1,640 ft) above sea level, has 159,000 inhabitants (2010 census [INDEC]), with more than 200,000 counting the suburbia, what represents around 70% of the population of the province.


Overview


The city is located 1,130 km (702 mi) from Buenos Aires. The closest provincial capitals are La Rioja (154 km (96 mi)), Tucumán (230 km (143 mi)) and Santiago del Estero (209 km (130 mi)).

Many pilgrims come to San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca to visit the Church of the Virgin of the Valley (1694), which contains a statue of Nuestra Señora del Valle (Our Lady of the Valley).

Catamarca is also the touristic centre of the province, with its colonial architecture, and serves as a hub to many touristic points and excursions, hiking, mountain-bike tours, horse riding, and wine tasting.


Transportation


San Fernando del Valle is served by Coronel Felipe Varela International Airport (CTC/SANC), with flights to Buenos Aires-AEP.


History and politics


An initial settlement, called Londres, was established here by Spanish colonists in 1558; a permanent settlement was not founded until 1683, by Fernando de Mendoza y Mate de Luna. Catamarca comes from Quechua meaning "fortress on the slope".

The city, which had only 8,000 inhabitants in 1882 and was reached by a railway line in 1888, grew very slowly, and the region remained poor even in the middle of the 20th century.


Climate


The warm semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh) of Catamarca has an annual average of 20 °C with an average maximum temperature of 34 °C (93 °F) in summer with several days typically exceeding 43 °C (109 °F), and an average minimum of 5 °C (41 °F) in winter. Temperatures in the high mountains can drop down to −30 °C (−22 °F), however in the city they rarely go below freezing. The Valle (valley) receives relatively little rainfall from summer thunderstorms; most of the precipitation is received in the form of snow on the high mountain tops surrounding the city.

Climate data for San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca (1981–2010, extremes 1941–present)[lower-alpha 1]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 45.8
(114.4)		 44.4
(111.9)		 44.8
(112.6)		 38.3
(100.9)		 39.3
(102.7)		 34.7
(94.5)		 38.6
(101.5)		 41.9
(107.4)		 44.4
(111.9)		 47.0
(116.6)		 47.1
(116.8)		 47.7
(117.9)		 47.7
(117.9)
Average high °C (°F) 34.1
(93.4)		 32.8
(91.0)		 31.2
(88.2)		 27.5
(81.5)		 23.5
(74.3)		 20.0
(68.0)		 20.2
(68.4)		 23.9
(75.0)		 26.8
(80.2)		 30.9
(87.6)		 32.7
(90.9)		 34.3
(93.7)		 28.2
(82.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 27.3
(81.1)		 26.0
(78.8)		 24.4
(75.9)		 20.4
(68.7)		 16.0
(60.8)		 12.0
(53.6)		 11.6
(52.9)		 15.4
(59.7)		 19.1
(66.4)		 23.6
(74.5)		 25.6
(78.1)		 27.3
(81.1)		 20.7
(69.3)
Average low °C (°F) 21.5
(70.7)		 20.4
(68.7)		 19.1
(66.4)		 14.7
(58.5)		 9.8
(49.6)		 5.3
(41.5)		 4.4
(39.9)		 7.7
(45.9)		 11.8
(53.2)		 16.8
(62.2)		 19.3
(66.7)		 21.2
(70.2)		 14.3
(57.7)
Record low °C (°F) 9.6
(49.3)		 8.0
(46.4)		 5.8
(42.4)		 0.6
(33.1)		 −3.7
(25.3)		 −5.8
(21.6)		 −9.0
(15.8)		 −6.6
(20.1)		 −5.9
(21.4)		 2.3
(36.1)		 5.8
(42.4)		 8.9
(48.0)		 −9.0
(15.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 83.8
(3.30)		 69.2
(2.72)		 52.4
(2.06)		 27.0
(1.06)		 12.6
(0.50)		 4.7
(0.19)		 8.1
(0.32)		 3.2
(0.13)		 7.3
(0.29)		 25.9
(1.02)		 50.2
(1.98)		 68.0
(2.68)		 412.4
(16.24)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 8.9 7.2 7.0 5.3 3.3 2.0 2.2 1.2 2.2 3.6 5.4 7.4 55.7
Average relative humidity (%) 56.2 59.8 63.8 65.3 66.3 66.1 58.6 47.7 43.0 44.7 48.5 52.5 56.0
Percent possible sunshine 62.6 67.0 59.5 63.0 62.1 58.6 64.5 66.7 63.4 67.7 66.3 65.4 63.9
Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[1][2]
Source 2: Universidad Nacional de Catamarca (extremes from the period 1941–1980 and 1996–2005 and sun)[3]

Economy


Agriculture is San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca's chief economic activity; however, low rainfall makes irrigation necessary. Fruit and grapes are grown in the oasis areas near the city, and there is a considerable production of wine. Other local production includes preserves and handwoven ponchos.

Cotton and cattle are important economically, as well as mining at the Farallón Negro, Bajo de la Alumbrera and Capillitas mines where gold, silver, copper and tin.




See also



Notes


  1. The record highs and lows are based on the Universidad Nacional de Catamarca for the period 1941–1980 and 1996–2005 while records beyond 1961 come from the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional link since it only covers from 1961–present. When these 2 sources are used together, the record highs and lows are from the period 1941–present

References


  1. "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1981-2010" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved January 20, 2018.
  2. "Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por localidades". Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
  3. Vigo, Marta. "Cuadro 2.6.1.7 Datos Climático AGC" (PDF). Propuestas para el Diseño Urbano Bioambiental en Zonas Cálidas Semiáridas: Caso Área del Gran Catamarca (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Retrieved June 8, 2015.


Media related to San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca at Wikimedia Commons

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Catamarca (city)".

На других языках

[de] San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca

San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca (oft abgekürzt als Catamarca) ist eine Stadt im nordwestlichen Argentinien. Sie ist die Hauptstadt der gleichnamigen Provinz Catamarca und hat 159.703 Einwohner (2010)[1]. Im Ballungsraum der Stadt leben etwa 200.000 Menschen, fast 70 Prozent der Provinzbevölkerung.
- [en] San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca

[ru] Сан-Фернандо-дель-Валье-де-Катамарка

Сан-Ферна́ндо-дель-Ва́лье-де-Катама́рка (исп. San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca [sam feɾˈnando ðel ˈβaʎe ðe kataˈmaɾka]), часто Катама́рка (исп. Catamarca) — город на северо-западе Аргентины и столица провинции Катамарка. Расположен на реке Рио-Валье и находится у подножия Сьерры-де-Амбато.


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