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Ocaña, a town and municipality of central Spain, in the province of Toledo. It is located on the extreme north of the tableland known as the Mesa de Ocaña, and has a station on the railway from Aranjuez to Cuenca.

Ocaña
Municipality
Flag Coat of arms
Ocaña Location in Spain
Coordinates: 39°57′25″N 3°29′48″W
Country	Spain
Autonomous community	Castile-La Mancha
Province	Toledo
Comarca	Mesa de Ocaña
Judicial district	Numero 1
Government
• Mayor	Remedios Gordo Hernández
Area
• Total	147.9 km2 (57.1 sq mi)
Elevation	730 m (2,400 ft)
Population  (2018)[1]
• Total	11,067
• Density	75/km2 (190/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Ocañenses
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	45300
Website	Official website

Toponymy

The term Ocaña seems to have the base word olca- that originates from the Celtiberian 'fertile ground, meadow', and could have evolved into: Olcania > Ocania < Ocaña.[2] There are other theories, like the one by Nieto Ballester,[3] who states that Ocaña is a pre-Roman term, maybe Indo-European, but not Celtic. On the other hand, Menéndez Pidal[4] quotes the name of Ocaña to support his thesis of the Ligurian substratum in the Iberian Peninsula.

Geography

This town is located on the north side of the plain known as Mesa de Ocaña, where you can find many towns of the region. It is close to other towns and cities as Aranjuez in the northeast, Ontígola in the north, Noblejas in the east, Villatobas in the southeast, Dosbarrios, Cabañas de Yepes and Huerta de Valdecarábanos in the south and Yepes and Ciruelos in the west.

History

The town is surrounded by ruined walls which contain the remains of an old castle. Ocaña is the Vicus Cuminarius of the Romans. The Battle of Ocaña was fought near here, on 19 November 1809; the Spanish under Juan Carlos de Aréizaga were routed by the French under Joseph Bonaparte and Marshal Soult.

Main sights

• Convent of Santa Catalina de Siena, in Renaissance style
• Convent of St. Dominic, in Renaissance style (1535–1605)
• Fuente Grande ("Great Spring"), built in the 16th century
• Fuente Vieja ("Old Spring"), probably of Roman origins
• Parish church of Santa María de la Asunción, built over a 12th-century mosque
• Parish church of St. John the Baptist (13th century)
• Convent of the Carmelites (16th century)
• Palacio de los Cárdenas (16th century)
• Rollo de Justicia (15th century)

Transportation

Ocaña is a major hub in the Spanish motorway network. The autovías A-4 and A-40 and toll roads R-4 and AP-36 all intersect each other at Ocaña. In addition, the Madrid–Levante high-speed rail line passes by Ocaña, but does not have a station there.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ocaña.

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ocaña". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 965.

На других языках

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- [en] Ocaña, Spain

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[es] Ocaña (Toledo)

Ocaña es un municipio y localidad española de la provincia de Toledo, en la comunidad autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha. Cuenta con 13 023 habitantes (INE 2021)[2] y da nombre a la comarca de la Mesa de Ocaña.

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