Tondabayashi Jinaimachi (富田林寺内町) is a popular name of the old temple-based town (Jinaimachi) located in Tondabayashi City, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It is one of the Important Preservation Districts for Groups of Traditional Buildings (1997) in Tondabayashi-shi Tondabayashi (富田林市富田林重要伝統的建造物群保存地区).[1] The town retains town blocks from the Sengoku period, along with machiyas (traditional wooden town residences) built from the mid-Edo period on.[2][3]
Tondabayashi-shi Tondabayashi[1]
富田林市富田林 | |
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Important Preservation District for Groups of Traditional Buildings | |
![]() 城之門筋(Jonomon-street) | |
Coordinates: 34°30′1.181″N 135°36′9.900″E | |
Country | Japan |
Region | Kansai |
Prefecture | Osaka |
Municipal | Tondabayashi |
Purchased of land | about 1558 |
Founded by | Shoshu, the 16th chief priest of Kosho-ji temple |
Area | |
• Total | 0.129 km2 (0.050 sq mi) |
Highest elevation | 67 m (220 ft) |
Lowest elevation | 64 m (210 ft) |
Tondabayashi Jinaimachi is located at the center of the city, on a fluvial terrace at left bank of the Ishi river and the midstream.[4] Most of the old town area falls within the jurisdiction of Tondabayashi-cho (富田林町); the rest of the area is in Hon-machi (本町). Tondabayashi-cho adheres to the old town since the Edo period.
The town has an area of 12.9 hectares.[3] It was formed in an ellipsoidal form, measuring 400m from east to west and 350m from north to south.[4] The town layout was designed with a grid plan, which consists of six streets in a north–south direction and seven streets in an east–west direction. There are 25 quadrilateral town blocks in the center, and 16 irregular town blocks on the outer edge.[5]
The relative elevation is about 10m from the river to the town.[4] It used a natural terrace cliff to construct the earthworks (土居, doi) with bamboo groves at the eastern, southern and western edge of the town, and the dug-out moat (堀割, horiwari) at the northern edge.[5]
About 1558 (Eiroku 1), Kosho-ji temple obtained a wasteland of the Tonda (富田) for temple grounds. Kosho-ji temple cooperated with eight headmen (八人衆) to construct a branch temple, town blocks, residences and dry fields. They changed the name of Jinaimachi to Tondabayashi (富田林).[6]
In the Sengoku period, Kosho-ji branch temple (興正寺別院) and Jinaimachi were granted privileges and immunities by authorities.[7] The town people governed autonomously against a background of religious authority of Kosho-ji temple.[7]
Over the Edo period, the town forfeited its privileges and immunities. In the early Edo period, the town was developed as Zaigoumachi (在郷町, merchant town in the countryside).[8] Many people came from the surrounding villages and the town prospered with merchants offering lumber, cotton, rapeseed oil, and sake.[8]
After the Meiji Restoration, the town continued to prosper as the political and commercial center of southern Kawachi.[9] From the latter Meiji period onward, the town headed gradually into a decline due to the opening of the railway, land reform, and motorization.[10] As a result, it was left out of postwar development.[11]
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