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San Ramón de la Nueva Orán (usually referred to simply as Orán) is a city in northwest province of Salta, Argentina, about 270 km (170 mi) from the provincial capital, Salta. It is the head town of the Orán Department, and it has about 73,000 inhabitants as per the 2001 census [INDEC], which makes it the second-most populated in the province.

San Ramón de la Nueva Orán
City
San Ramón de la Nueva Orán
Location of Orán in Argentina
Coordinates: 23°08′S 64°20′W
Country Argentina
Province Salta
DepartmentOrán Department
FoundedAugust 31, 1794
Government
  MayorGuillermo Marcelo Lara Gros (Justicialist Party)
Elevation
336 m (1,102 ft)
Population
 (2010 census)
  Total76,070
Demonym(s)oranese
Time zoneUTC-3 (ART)
CPA base
A4530
Dialing code+54 3878
ClimateCwa
WebsiteOfficial website

Orán is the seat of a Catholic diocese and a regional center of the Universidad Nacional de Salta. It is linked to other cities in the area by National Route 50 near National Route 34. Air traffic to the provincial capital is serviced by the Orán Airport (IATA: ORA, ICAO: SASO).

The city of Oran is the most important geopolitical center in the north of the province of Salta. Having AFIP, ANES, Banco Nación, INTA, and a Federal Court, among other important offices, makes the city a point of reference to the entire Bermejo Region. It has active commercial centers, and methods of transit to the Bolivian border. Currently there is construction of a freeway from the south of the town connecting it to the city of Pichanal.


History


The city was founded on August 31, 1794, by the Spanish military man and governor of Salta, Ramón García de León y Pizarro, who named the settlement after Saint Raymond Nonnatus (on the saint's feast day) and his own birthplace, the city of Oran (in modern Algeria).[1]


Economy


Oran is center to an important agroindustry region where several different products are produced: Sugar cane, with most product going to sugar production in the Tabacal Sugarmill, which is located close to the city; Citrus (mainly oranges and grapefruit), being primarily used for the manufacture of concentrated juice for the fruit company, Zenta, which also sells whole, natural fruits. These include peppers, bananas, cherimoya, papayas and mangoes- all of which are also cultivated in Oran. Coffee was also produced in the area, although with relatively small production, until it was exploited by the company Salta Café.

Soy is one of the most important produced agricultural products. The department of Oran has the largest bean production in the country. They have recently incorporated soy production, along with their ongoing production of sugar cane and corn, to produce biofuels, mainly for agro-industrial use, due in large part to the deficiency in the supply of gasoil in the zone.[2]

Naturally surrounded by ecotonic forests: between the Yungas jungles and the Chaco tropical forests, the environment of Oran has been and is an important forest area to the timber industry.[3]

Livestock also plays an important role in the economy. Historically the city of Oran has been a stopover on a cattle and horse route to Bolivia.


Climate


Orán has a humid subtropical climate with definite dry season (Köppen: Cwa).[4] In the regional classification is defined as "tropical serrano" from the west–east transition of the Andes to the northern plains of the country.[5] With hot, rainy summers and mild, dry winters.[6]

Climate data for Orán, Salta, Argentina (1981–2010, extremes 1961–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 43.5
(110.3)
42.1
(107.8)
40.0
(104.0)
35.8
(96.4)
34.5
(94.1)
31.5
(88.7)
35.4
(95.7)
39.4
(102.9)
42
(108)
44.5
(112.1)
43.7
(110.7)
44.4
(111.9)
44.5
(112.1)
Average high °C (°F) 32.3
(90.1)
31.1
(88.0)
29.4
(84.9)
26.0
(78.8)
23.2
(73.8)
21.2
(70.2)
22.0
(71.6)
25.6
(78.1)
28.3
(82.9)
31.5
(88.7)
32.0
(89.6)
32.6
(90.7)
27.9
(82.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 26.9
(80.4)
25.1
(77.2)
23.9
(75.0)
20.9
(69.6)
17.7
(63.9)
15.0
(59.0)
14.7
(58.5)
17.2
(63.0)
20.1
(68.2)
23.8
(74.8)
25.0
(77.0)
26.0
(78.8)
21.4
(70.5)
Average low °C (°F) 21.5
(70.7)
20.8
(69.4)
20.5
(68.9)
17.8
(64.0)
14.2
(57.6)
11.0
(51.8)
9.2
(48.6)
11.0
(51.8)
13.5
(56.3)
17.9
(64.2)
19.5
(67.1)
21.2
(70.2)
16.5
(61.7)
Record low °C (°F) 12.7
(54.9)
11.2
(52.2)
10.8
(51.4)
5.1
(41.2)
0.4
(32.7)
−1.5
(29.3)
−3.6
(25.5)
−3.4
(25.9)
−0.5
(31.1)
4.0
(39.2)
8.5
(47.3)
11.5
(52.7)
−3.6
(25.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 216.6
(8.53)
183.7
(7.23)
184.2
(7.25)
70.9
(2.79)
19.8
(0.78)
6.3
(0.25)
4.5
(0.18)
5.4
(0.21)
16.3
(0.64)
60.0
(2.36)
108.1
(4.26)
170.1
(6.70)
1,045.9
(41.18)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 14.3 12.9 15.3 12.0 6.6 3.9 2.8 2.2 3.2 7.1 10.4 12.9 103.6
Average relative humidity (%) 80 82 85 87 86 84 78 69 62 62 70 76 77
Mean monthly sunshine hours 179.9 152.4 113.0 91.5 96.8 89.3 132.9 153.3 136.0 149.3 165.5 168.3 1,642.5
Percent possible sunshine 48 43 31 30 34 31 42 51 35 41 46 48 40
Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional,[6][7] NOAA (humidity 1961–1990)[8]
Source 2: World Meteorological Organization (sunshine hours 1981–2010),[9] UNLP (percent sun only)[10]

Notable people



References


  1. Quintana, Pablo Ricardo (2014). The Comprehensive Dictionary of Patron Saints. iUniverse. ISBN 9781491734391.
  2. Timilsina, Govinda R.; Chisari, Omar O.; Romero, Carlos A. (2013). "Economy-wide impacts of biofuels in Argentina". Energy Policy. 55: 636. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.12.060 via ScienceDirect.
  3. Giménez de Bolzón, Ana-Maria; Roth, Ingrid (1997). Argentine Chaco forests: dendrology, tree structure, and economic use, Part 1. G. Borntraeger. ISBN 9783443140250.
  4. Zifan, Enhanced, modified, and vectorized by Ali (2016-01-03), English: Argentina map of Köppen climate classification., retrieved 2019-08-19
  5. Someone83 (2008-08-08), Español: Mapa de climas de la República Argentina, retrieved 2019-08-19
  6. "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1981-2010" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
  7. "Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por Orán Aero". Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  8. "Oran Aero Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
  9. "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  10. "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved April 17, 2014.



На других языках


- [en] San Ramón de la Nueva Orán

[es] San Ramón de la Nueva Orán

San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, más conocida como Orán, es una ciudad del norte de Argentina, en la provincia de Salta. Es cabecera del departamento Orán, en el norte de la provincia. En el censo de 2010 registró una población de 82.413 habitantes, de los cuales 76.070 habitan la zona urbana.[1] Este hace que la convierta en el 2º mayor centro urbano de la provincia y uno de los 40 mayores centros urbanos del país. Fue fundada el 31 de agosto de 1794 por el español Ramón García de León y Pizarro, quien la bautizó como San Ramón de la Nueva Orán por ser esa fecha el día de San Ramón Nonato, y por haber nacido él mismo en la ciudad argelina de Orán.

[ru] Сан-Рамон-де-ла-Нуэва-Оран

Сан-Рамон-де-ла-Нуэва-Оран (исп. San Ramón de la Nueva Orán) — город в Аргентине.



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